摘要 [目的]研究不同生物質(zhì)炭施用量對烤煙的生長發(fā)育及烤后質(zhì)量的影響。[方法]采用田間小區(qū)試驗對不同生物質(zhì)炭施用量下的生育期中部煙葉的農(nóng)藝性狀及烤后煙葉的外觀質(zhì)量、經(jīng)濟學性狀、評吸質(zhì)量進行比較分析。[結果]施用生物質(zhì)炭可顯著提高煙葉團棵期及旺長期的農(nóng)藝性狀與成熟期的葉片數(shù)、最大葉面積。生物質(zhì)炭施用量為3.75 t/hm2時，團棵期煙葉的農(nóng)藝性狀最佳；生物質(zhì)炭施用量為4.50 t/hm2時，旺長期與成熟期煙葉的農(nóng)藝性狀最佳。施用生物質(zhì)炭的烤后煙葉外觀質(zhì)量、經(jīng)濟學性狀均顯著高于常規(guī)施肥，評吸質(zhì)量均高于常規(guī)施肥。生物質(zhì)炭施用量控制在4.50 t/hm2時，烤后煙葉的質(zhì)量最佳。[結論]施用生物質(zhì)炭是促進煙葉的生長發(fā)育并改善其品質(zhì)的有效措施，其最佳施用量為4.50 t/hm2。
　　關鍵詞 生物質(zhì)炭；農(nóng)藝性狀；外觀質(zhì)量；經(jīng)濟學性狀；評吸質(zhì)量
　　中圖分類號 S572 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2017）01-0038-03
　　Effects of Application Dose of Biomass Charcoal on the Growth and Quality of Fluecured Tobacco
　　XU Chenglong1，YANG Yingjuan2，ZI Qiquan1，SU Jiaen3* et al
　　（1.Xiangyun County Branch of Dali Prefecture Tobacco Company，Xiangyun，Yunnan 672100；2.Yongping County Branch of Dali Prefecture Tobacco Company，Yongping，Yunnan 672100；3.Dali Prefecture Company of Yunnan Tobacco Company，Dali，Yunnan 671000）
　　Abstract [Objective] To study the effects of different application doses of biomass charcoal on the growth and quality of fluecured tobacco.[Method] Field experiment was carried out to research the effects of different application doses of biomass charcoal on the agronomic characters of middle leaves at growth period，as well as on the appearance quality，economic traits and smoking quality of fluecured tobacco.[Result] The application of biomass charcoal could significantly improve the agronomic characters at rosette stage and vigorous growing stage，the leaf number and the maximum leaf area at mature stage.When the application dose of biomass charcoal was 3.75 t/hm2，the agronomic characters of tobacco leaf were the best at rosette stage.When the application dose of biomass charcoal was 4.50 t/hm2，the agronomic characters were the best at vigorous growing stage and mature stage.The appearance quality and economic characters of fluecured tobacco under the application of biomass charcoal were significantly higher than those under conventional fertilization.Smoking quality under the application of biomass charcoal was higher than that under conventional fertilization.When the the application dose of biomass charcoal was 4.50 t/hm2，the quality of tobacco leaves was the best.[Conclusion] Application of biomass charcoal is an effective measure to promote the growth and quality of tobacco leaves.And the best application dose of biomass charcoal is 4.50 t/hm2.
　　Key words Biomass charcoal；Agronomic characters；Appearance quality；Economic characters；Somking quality
　　近年來，云南煙區(qū)由于連作重茬現(xiàn)象嚴重[1]，導致土壤肥力下降，土壤保肥性能較低，病蟲害加重，烤后煙葉質(zhì)量降低，嚴重影響了當?shù)責熮r(nóng)的經(jīng)濟效益和煙葉的工業(yè)利用率。生物質(zhì)炭是一種含碳豐富的固體物質(zhì)，由生物質(zhì)在低于700 ℃的高溫下熱解制成[2]。目前，生物質(zhì)炭應用于大豆、玉米、小麥等作物的研究較多[3-5]，結果顯示生物質(zhì)炭可以改善土壤的理化性質(zhì)，提高土壤肥力，并改善或提高植物品質(zhì)。

相關熱詞搜索：大理 烤煙 施用 生長發(fā)育 生物