0~1歲小兒神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育測評及早期干預(yù)的臨床研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-06-23 來源: 日記大全 點(diǎn)擊:
【摘要】 目的:對0~1歲小兒神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育測評結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,對早期干預(yù)效果進(jìn)行探討。方法:對2011年3月-2017年7月本院兒科門診2 795例0~1歲小兒進(jìn)行的小兒神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育測試,115例小兒測試結(jié)果異常的小兒作為觀察組,給予早期干預(yù);選取同期115例測試結(jié)果正常的小兒作為對照組。比較兩組小兒干預(yù)前后的治療效果。結(jié)果:觀察組小兒干預(yù)后3個月與干預(yù)前對比,各項(xiàng)評分均大幅提升,比較差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05);觀察組干預(yù)后與對照組比較,各項(xiàng)差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論:對小兒早期發(fā)育用神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育方法測評,能及時發(fā)現(xiàn)異常發(fā)育小兒,給予早期干預(yù),可促進(jìn)小兒健康成長。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 小兒; 神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育; 早期干預(yù)
Evaluation of Neuropsychological Development and Early Intervention in 0~1 Year Old Children/CHEN Shuqing,ZHANG Liwen,DENG Sujuan.//Medical Innovation of China,2018,15(07):114-116
【Abstract】 Objective:To evaluate the neuropsychological development of children aged 0~1 years,and to explore the effect of early intervention. Method:The neuropsychological development test of 2 795 children aged 0~1 year in the outpatient department of pediatrics of our hospital from March 2011 to July 2017 year were tested,115 children with abnormal test results were given early intervention as observation group,115 children with normal test results were selected as control group.The therapeutic effects of two groups were compared.Result:In the observation group,the scores of each index were significantly increased after intervention 3 months compared with those before intervention,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in each index between the observation group and the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion:The early development of children can be detected by the method of neuropsychological development, and early intervention can promote the healthy growth of children.
【Key words】 Children; Neuropsychological development; Early intervention
First-author’s address:The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510260,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2018.07.032
小兒早期神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育是否正常,直接關(guān)系到以后的成長,如何早期發(fā)現(xiàn)小兒神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育異常并進(jìn)行早期干預(yù),是兒科專業(yè)工作者及家長都關(guān)心的問題[1-2]。本組研究針對本院2011年3月-2017年7月兒科門診2 795例0~1歲小兒采用《0~6歲小兒神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育檢查表》[3],從大運(yùn)動、精細(xì)動作、適應(yīng)能力、語言及社會行為五個方面進(jìn)行測試,評價小兒神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育是否正常,對異常小兒給予早期干預(yù),并對干預(yù)治療的效果進(jìn)行探討,F(xiàn)報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料 對2011年3月-2017年7月本院兒科門診2 795例小兒進(jìn)行神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育測試,其中男1 677例,女1 118例,115例小兒測試結(jié)果異常為觀察組,選擇同期115例測試結(jié)果正常的小兒為對照組。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):所有患兒年齡均小于6歲,患者同意進(jìn)行此項(xiàng)研究。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):排除有精神疾病患兒,排除肝腎損傷等器質(zhì)性疾病患兒。該研究經(jīng)本院倫理委員會批準(zhǔn),并簽署患者知情同意書。
1.2 方法 (1)測試方法:采用《0~6歲小兒神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育檢查表》對小兒神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育從大運(yùn)動、精細(xì)運(yùn)動、適應(yīng)能力、語言及社會行為五大類模塊進(jìn)行測試,對各指標(biāo)的發(fā)育商(DQ)分?jǐn)?shù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計。發(fā)育商=(智齡/實(shí)際月齡)×100%,智齡=五個領(lǐng)域分?jǐn)?shù)之和/5[4-5]。指標(biāo)結(jié)果:優(yōu)秀,DQ大于130分;聰明,DQ為115~129分;正常,DQ為85~114分;偏低,DQ為70~84;低下,DQ為69分以下[6-7]。本組研究以低下作為測試結(jié)果異常者。(2)治療方法:觀察組小兒給予早期綜合干預(yù)方案,結(jié)合小兒身體發(fā)育程度,對肌張力、肌力及神經(jīng)反射進(jìn)行檢測,對小兒異常姿態(tài)進(jìn)行觀察并評估,采取個性化的訓(xùn)練與教育方法對患兒進(jìn)行早期干預(yù),重點(diǎn)針對小兒的運(yùn)動進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練,主要為被動運(yùn)動及綜合運(yùn)動療法。包括上田法、Bobath療法及Vojta療法,配合背部按摩、分指板、四爬位、平衡板、下肢放松、滾球、翻身、搬足法等其他運(yùn)動療法[8]。每周進(jìn)行兩次,每次不低于30 min。對家庭訓(xùn)練給予指導(dǎo),由家長做好家庭訓(xùn)練工作,并于每個月復(fù)診時對訓(xùn)練情況進(jìn)行反饋,對觀察組小兒重新進(jìn)行神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育測試及對家庭主動運(yùn)動的錯誤、不足及運(yùn)動手法進(jìn)行及時糾正,并同時根據(jù)存在問題調(diào)整治療方案。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:干預(yù) 小兒 測評 發(fā)育 臨床研究
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