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水膠體敷料在預防PICC靜脈炎中的應用研究

發(fā)布時間:2018-06-23 來源: 日記大全 點擊:

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  【摘要】 目的 探討水膠體敷料對經外周靜脈置入中心靜脈導管(PICC)化療患者靜脈炎的預防效果。方法 120例化療患者, 按隨機數(shù)字表法分為試驗組和對照組, 各60例。試驗組使用水膠體和多磺酸粘多糖乳膏(喜遼妥), 對照組單獨使用喜遼妥。觀察與記錄兩組患者上肢疼痛程度和靜脈炎的發(fā)生情況。結果 對照組第一、二、三個療程的疼痛評分為(3.12±0.56)、(4.23±0.85)、(4.98±0.40)分, 試驗組分別為(2.75±0.98)、(3.24±0.38)、(4.69±0.17)分;試驗組患者第一、二個療程的疼痛評分低于對照組, 差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05);兩組患者第三個療程的疼痛評分比較差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P>0.05)。試驗組靜脈炎發(fā)生率為31.7%, 低于對照組的55.0%, 差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05)。結論 對化療患者預防性使用水膠體敷料可減輕患者的上肢疼痛程度, 降低靜脈炎的發(fā)生率, 提高患者的舒適度。
  【關鍵詞】 水膠體敷料;經外周靜脈置入中心靜脈導管;靜脈炎;護理
  DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2018.12.005
  【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the preventive effect of hydrocolloid dressing in the prevention of phlebitis in chemotherapy patients with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Methods A total of 120 chemotherapy patients were divided by random number table method into experimental group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. The experimental group received hydrocolloids and mucopolysaccharide Polysulfate Cream (Hirudoid), and the control group received Hirudoid only. Observation and record were made on degree of upper limb pain and the occurrence of phlebitis between the two groups. Results The control group had pain score of first, second and third course as (3.12±0.56), (4.23±0.85) and (4.98±0.40) points, which were respectively as (2.75±0.98), (3.24±0.38) and (4.69±0.17) points in the experimental group. The experimental group had lower pain score of first, second and third course than the control group, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Both groups had no statistically significant difference in pain score of third course (P>0.05). The experimental group had lower incidence of phlebitis as 31.7% than 55.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The preventive application of hydrocolloid dressing for patients with chemotherapy can reduce pain degree in the upper limb of the patients, reduce the incidence of phlebitis and improve the comfort of the patients.
  【Key words】 Hydrocolloid dressing; Peripherally inserted central catheter; Phlebitis; Nursing
  化療是治療惡性腫瘤患者主要方法之一, 并且效果明顯, 但化療導致的不良反應仍是至關重要的問題。PICC是化療最常用的給藥途徑, 在所有的不良反應中, 靜脈炎是導致化療中斷的原因之一[1]。發(fā)生靜脈炎的原因有很多, 包括pH值、滲透壓、靜脈大小、管路的型號、材質和留置時間以及是否采取預防措施等[2]。置管后機械性靜脈炎屬于無菌性炎癥, 是由于導管對血管壁的摩擦、撞擊作用, 造成血管的痙攣和血管內膜的損傷, 激惹靜脈壁發(fā)生的靜脈炎癥反應[3]。國內外已有大量研究者采取不同措施預防靜脈炎的發(fā)生, 雖然取得初步成效, 但在預防化療藥物導致的靜脈炎研究中收效甚微[4-9]。水膠體類敷料是將橡膠與水膠體粒子均勻混合后所制成的醫(yī)療治傷材料, 水膠體粒子主要由甲基纖維素鈉、交聯(lián)羧甲基纖維素鈉、果膠、明膠等構成, 其主要依靠水膠體粒子吸收傷口滲出液, 從而達到預防或治療皮膚損傷的功

相關熱詞搜索:敷料 膠體 靜脈炎 預防 研究

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