摘要[目的]研究砜嘧磺隆在煙草上使用后的殘留行為及環(huán)境安全性。[方法]建立了利用HPLC-MS/MS技術(shù)檢測(cè)煙葉及土壤中砜嘧磺隆殘留量的方法。樣品經(jīng)過(guò)乙腈提取，N-丙基乙二胺（PSA）吸附劑凈化，高效液相色譜-串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜檢測(cè)，外標(biāo)法定量。采用所建檢測(cè)方法測(cè)定了GAP試驗(yàn)獲得的煙草和土壤中砜嘧磺隆殘留。[結(jié)果]在0.005～0.500 mg/kg的加標(biāo)水平下，土壤和鮮煙葉中砜嘧磺隆的平均添加回收率分別為84.1%～95.8%、90.0%～94.2%，相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差分別為3.2%～6.4%、3.6%～7.3%，定量限均為0.005 mg/kg。在0.010～0.500 mg/kg的加標(biāo)水平下，干煙葉中砜嘧磺隆的回收率為87.1%～90.1%，相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差為2.0%～8.9%，定量限為0.010 mg/kg。砜嘧磺隆在鮮煙葉中的原始沉積量為<0.005～0.041 mg/kg，在土壤中為<0.005～0.510 mg/kg，砜嘧磺隆在土壤中消解較快，理論半衰期為1.4～2.9 d；施藥后70 d，烤后煙葉中農(nóng)藥殘留量低于定量限。[結(jié)論]采用20%砜嘧磺隆可分散油懸浮劑防治煙草田雜草，于煙草移栽期噴霧施藥1次，制劑用藥量為90～105 g/hm2（有效成分18～21 g a.i./hm2），安全間隔期為70 d。
　　關(guān)鍵詞煙葉；土壤；砜嘧磺�。粴埩�
　　中圖分類號(hào)S481+.8文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼
　　A文章編號(hào)0517-6611（2017）23-0128-03
　　Residue and Dynamic Degradation of Rimsulfuron in Tobacco Leaf and Soil
　　XU Jinli，WANG Xiuguo，XU Guangjun et al
　�。═obacco Research Institute of CAAS，State Tobacco Monopoly Administration，Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management，Qingdao，Shandong 266101）
　　Abstract[Objective] The aim was to study the residual behavior and dissipation of rimsulfuron in tobacco and soil.[Method] The sample collected from the field experiment were extracted by acetonitrile，and cleaned up by dispersive solid phase extraction using Npropyl ethylenediamine （PSA） as adsorbent，and detected by HPLCMS/MS.[Result] The average recoveries of rimsulfuron at the level of 0.005-0.500 mg/kg in fresh tobacco leaf and soil were 84.1%-95.8% and 90.0%-94.2%； the relative standard deviation （RSD） were 3.2%-6.4% and 3.6%-73%，respectively； and the quantitative limit （LOQ） was 0.005 mg/kg.The average recovery of rimsulfuron at the level of 0.010-0.500 mg/kg in cured tobacco leaf was 87.1%-90.1%； the RSD was 2.0%-8.9%； and the quantitative limit （LOQ） was 0.010 mg/kg.The initial deposition of rimsulfuron in fresh tobacco leaf was <0.005-0.041 mg/kg，and was <0.005-0.510 mg/kg in soil.The halflife of rimsulfuron in soil was 1.4-2.9 days，and the final residue in cured tobacco leaves was below 0.010 mg/kg after the application of rimsulfuron for 7 days.[Conclusion] It is recommended to rimsulfuron applied at the stage of transplant to prevent weeds in tobacco fields with the dose of 18-21 grammer per hectare （active ingredients）.The safe intervals is 70 days.
　　Key wordsTobacco leaf；Soil；Rimsulfuron；Residue
　　作者簡(jiǎn)介徐金麗（1963—），女，山東青州人，實(shí)驗(yàn)師，從事農(nóng)藥殘留研究。
　　收稿日期2017-06-07
　　近幾年煙葉生產(chǎn)中，隨著規(guī)模化種植程度越來(lái)越高，煙田除草成為影響煙葉生產(chǎn)的制約因素，煙苗移栽到大田時(shí)使用除草劑可以大大降低勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，對(duì)煙葉生產(chǎn)效率有較大提升。砜嘧磺隆為磺酰脲類選擇性芽后除草劑，支鏈氨基酸合成抑制劑。用于防除一年生或多年生禾本科及闊葉雜草，對(duì)一年生雜草芽后早期使用尤佳[1]。但砜嘧磺隆使用后對(duì)煙葉安全性的影響鮮有報(bào)道，砜嘧磺隆在煙葉和土壤中殘留降解趨勢(shì)和采收煙葉中的殘留狀況缺少系統(tǒng)研究。

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：消解 煙葉 土壤 農(nóng)藥 殘留