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基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的溫濕度實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)在煙葉烘烤中的應(yīng)用

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-26 來(lái)源: 人生感悟 點(diǎn)擊:


  摘 要:為進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化傳統(tǒng)密集烘烤技術(shù),增加烘烤安全性、穩(wěn)定性、方便性,筆者引入基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)計(jì)的一種溫濕度實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng),采用串聯(lián)方式將其安裝于烤房中,實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)烘烤過(guò)程中的溫濕度并將數(shù)據(jù)傳送至后臺(tái),用戶可根據(jù)其與設(shè)定值的對(duì)比對(duì)烘烤過(guò)程進(jìn)行精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控。試驗(yàn)通過(guò)對(duì)安裝物聯(lián)網(wǎng)溫濕度實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的密集烤房與傳統(tǒng)密集烤房烘烤過(guò)程中溫濕度的變化和烤后煙葉外觀質(zhì)量進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,結(jié)果表明,安裝物聯(lián)網(wǎng)溫濕度實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的烤房干濕球溫度變化的穩(wěn)定性及烤后煙葉外觀質(zhì)量均優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)烤房,說(shuō)明該系統(tǒng)對(duì)提高烘烤的穩(wěn)定性和安全性以及改善煙葉質(zhì)量具有促進(jìn)作用。
  關(guān)鍵詞:烤房;溫度;濕度;物聯(lián)網(wǎng);煙葉質(zhì)量
  中圖分類號(hào):S572 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A DOI 編碼:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2018.10.015
  Abstract: To further optimize the traditional bulk curing technology and increase the safety, stability and convenience of baking, a real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system based on the internet of things were introduced, and installed in a roasting room by series method. The system could monitor the temperature and humidity in the tobacco leaf baking process in real time and send the data to the background, which users could accurately control the baking process according to the comparison with the set values. The contrastive experiment was conducted to compare the internet of things barn and traditional bulk curing barn, and the contrastive indices included the changes of temperature and humidity during the curing process and appearance quality of tobacco leaves after roasting. The results showed that the stability of drying and wetting bulb temperature, and also the appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves in the curing barn with real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system was better than the traditional curing barn, indicating that the system could enhance the stability and safety of baking, and improve the quality of tobacco leaves.
  Key words: flue-curing barn; temperature; humility; internet of things; tobacco quality
  煙葉是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)作物,其質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)劣決定著煙農(nóng)收益,而烘烤環(huán)境的動(dòng)態(tài)變化與煙葉生理生化變化關(guān)系密切,通過(guò)影響酶活性改變煙葉的品質(zhì)和質(zhì)量[1-3]。傳統(tǒng)烘烤是通過(guò)人工不定時(shí)對(duì)控制器進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié),以達(dá)到控制密集烤房溫濕度變化的目的,其難以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)溫濕度的及時(shí)準(zhǔn)確控制[4]。隨著通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展,目前無(wú)線通信技術(shù)在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)上運(yùn)用的已經(jīng)較多[5-11],在煙葉生產(chǎn)上也有一定的應(yīng)用。謝守勇等[12]通過(guò)GPRS網(wǎng)絡(luò),利用點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)等方式對(duì)烤房溫濕度數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程傳送,為智能化烘烤提供了基礎(chǔ);劉志壯等[13]利用RS485總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì),以上位機(jī)和下位機(jī)對(duì)烘烤過(guò)程中的溫濕度進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控及調(diào)控,解決了不同地域和時(shí)間的煙葉烘烤的需要;王桂梅等[14]通過(guò)對(duì)密集烤房的控制儀進(jìn)行改造,控制助燃風(fēng)機(jī)和循環(huán)風(fēng)機(jī)等,達(dá)到對(duì)溫濕度的調(diào)控,提高了煙葉烘烤質(zhì)量;劉軍等[15]通過(guò)在原有烤房的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改造,增加了智能溫度控制系統(tǒng),能在根據(jù)原有工藝實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)整,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)烘烤工藝的精準(zhǔn)控制。這些烘烤應(yīng)用的無(wú)線技術(shù)均能達(dá)到智能控制的目的,但存在安裝復(fù)雜、造價(jià)維護(hù)較貴等問題,在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中不能很好地推廣。
  本研究以上述技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)構(gòu)建了以單片機(jī)、電源模塊和GPRS遠(yuǎn)程通信模塊組成的設(shè)備,在無(wú)需改造烤房的情況下,采用串聯(lián)式安裝方式,實(shí)現(xiàn)了“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)”和“大數(shù)據(jù)”的管理模式,使“云計(jì)算”和煙葉烘烤完美結(jié)合,提高了對(duì)烘烤溫濕度控制的精度和烘烤質(zhì)量,降低了勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。
  1 材料和方法
  1.1 試驗(yàn)材料
  供試煙葉品種為K326。試驗(yàn)田土壤肥力中等,田間管理按優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉栽培生產(chǎn)技術(shù)進(jìn)行,選取正常落黃、成熟度一致中部葉(10~12葉位)為試驗(yàn)材料。烤房為氣流上升式烤房,烤房規(guī)格為8.0 m×2.7 m,裝煙3層。
  1.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備介紹
  1.2.1 設(shè)備內(nèi)部構(gòu)造及安裝 本系統(tǒng)由單片機(jī)STM800L、電源模塊和GPRS遠(yuǎn)程通信模塊3個(gè)部分組成(設(shè)備引自西南大學(xué))。其中,單片機(jī)和烤房控制儀同步采集干濕球溫度計(jì)的溫濕度數(shù)據(jù),再通過(guò)GPRS模塊將數(shù)據(jù)遠(yuǎn)程發(fā)送回信息平臺(tái),供用戶實(shí)時(shí)查詢烘烤的干濕球溫度變化,及時(shí)調(diào)整烘烤工藝;電源模塊和密集烤房控制器的電源接在一起,為單片機(jī)和GPRS模塊運(yùn)行供電(圖1)。

相關(guān)熱詞搜索:溫濕度 煙葉 烘烤 聯(lián)網(wǎng) 實(shí)時(shí)

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