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密度和有機(jī)肥用量對(duì)生態(tài)煙產(chǎn)量、質(zhì)量的影響

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-23 來源: 美文摘抄 點(diǎn)擊:

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  摘要:采用裂區(qū)試驗(yàn),比較不同種植密度和有機(jī)肥用量對(duì)生態(tài)煙產(chǎn)量、質(zhì)量的影響。結(jié)果表明,增大行距和有機(jī)肥用量能促進(jìn)葉片的生長及單葉重的提高;在行距100~110 cm、株距50 cm、有機(jī)肥用量500~600 kg/667 m2的條件下,生態(tài)煙葉片大小、單葉重和外觀質(zhì)量差異均不顯著;增大行距與有機(jī)肥用量的互作處理(行株距110 cm×50 cm,施有機(jī)肥600 kg/667 m2)其煙葉化學(xué)成分協(xié)調(diào)性與評(píng)吸質(zhì)量最差。從產(chǎn)量、化學(xué)成分協(xié)調(diào)性和評(píng)吸質(zhì)量綜合考慮,生態(tài)煙以行株距100 cm×50 cm、施有機(jī)肥500 kg/667 m2較為適宜。
  關(guān)鍵詞:生態(tài)煙;種植密度;有機(jī)肥用量;產(chǎn)量;質(zhì)量
  中圖分類號(hào):S572.8 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):0439-8114(2017)08-1499-06
  DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.08.024
  Effect of Different Planting Density and Organic Fertilizer Application Amount on Yield and Quality of Ecological Tobacco
  GENG Fu-qing1,HE Kai2,LIU Jiu-yu1,LIU Ming-jing2,ZHANG Li-xian3,ZHANG JI-li1,DENG Yong1,LI Zhang-hai4
 。1. China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co., Ltd., Nanning 530001, China; 2. Zunyi Branch Company of Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China; 3. Hongta Tobacco Group Co., Ltd., Dali 671000, Yunnan, China; 4. Research Centre of Tobacco and Health, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230052, China)
  Abstract: The effect of different planting density and organic fertilizer application amount on yield and quality of ecological tobacco was studied using split plot experiment. The results showed that increasing the spacing and organic fertilizer application amount can promote the growth of leaves and increase the weight of single leaf. The difference of leaf size, leaf weight and appearance quality was not significant under the condition of 100~110 cm distance,50 cm spacing and 500~600 kg/667 m2 organic fertilizer application amount. The coordination of chemical composition and smoking quality of increasing spacing and decreasing organic fertilizer application amount treatment combinations (110 cm×50 cm, organic fertilizer application amount 600 kg/667 m2) was the worst. The ecological tobacco planting with 100 cm×50 cm, organic fertilizer application amount 500 kg/667 m2 was appropriate for comprehensive consideration of yield, chemical composition and quality evaluation.
  Key words: ecological tobacco; planting density; organic fertilizer application amount; yield; quality
  隨著煙草行業(yè)“卷煙上水平”的不斷推進(jìn),卷煙產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)和特色化水平不斷提升,優(yōu)質(zhì)特色原料煙葉越來越受到煙草企業(yè)的青睞[1,2],現(xiàn)在許多煙區(qū)圍繞煙區(qū)的生態(tài)優(yōu)勢(shì)和煙草企業(yè)的原料需求大力開發(fā)生態(tài)特色優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉,為煙草行業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供了基礎(chǔ)保障[3-5]。生態(tài)優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉產(chǎn)量、質(zhì)量與品種、種植密度、有機(jī)肥用量等栽培技術(shù)措施密切相關(guān)[6,7];近年來,課題組在廣西中煙工業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司貴州省遵義市正安縣煙葉種植基地,運(yùn)用自制有機(jī)肥開展生態(tài)煙種植推廣,取得了良好成效,并開展了生態(tài)煙適宜品種、有機(jī)肥施用等田間試驗(yàn)[8,9],尤其是探討了生態(tài)煙合理種植密度和有機(jī)肥用量復(fù)合技術(shù)對(duì)產(chǎn)量、質(zhì)量的綜合影響,以期為生態(tài)煙葉生產(chǎn)技術(shù)大面積普及提供技術(shù)支撐。
  1 材料與方法
  1.1 試驗(yàn)概況
  試驗(yàn)于2014年在正安縣班竹鎮(zhèn)高原村西山梁子生態(tài)煙基地實(shí)施,當(dāng)?shù)責(zé)熮r(nóng)科技意識(shí)強(qiáng),土壤具有代表性;試驗(yàn)區(qū)域地勢(shì)較平坦,土壤pH 5.09,有機(jī)質(zhì)含量21.61 g/kg,堿解氮110.04 mg/kg,有效磷29.98 mg/kg,速效鉀89.58 mg/kg。有機(jī)肥(風(fēng)干樣,含水率約10%)的有機(jī)質(zhì)含量508.8 g/kg,全氮13.4 g/kg,全磷20.0 g/kg,全鉀24.1 g/kg,pH 8.13,腐殖酸總量21.71%,游離腐殖酸14.89%,水溶性腐殖酸3.82%,速效氮925.3 mg/kg,銨態(tài)氮918.2 mg/kg。品種為云煙87;在移栽時(shí)和栽后20 d左右,分別用20 g/L有機(jī)肥稀釋液澆施,每株澆施量0.5 kg。硫酸鉀用量15 kg/667 m2,栽后30 d施用。留葉數(shù)18~19片。

相關(guān)熱詞搜索:用量 密度 有機(jī)肥 產(chǎn)量 生態(tài)

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