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葉面噴施鎂肥對(duì)百色烤煙產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-23 來(lái)源: 美文摘抄 點(diǎn)擊:

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  摘    要:為了探索提高煙葉鎂含量的農(nóng)藝措施,采用大田試驗(yàn)研究了葉面噴施鎂肥對(duì)百色烤煙產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果表明,葉面噴施鎂肥可改善烤煙的農(nóng)藝性狀,并能提高煙葉的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,以T2(烤煙移栽后15,25 d噴施1%硫酸鎂)、T3(烤煙移栽后15,25,35 d噴施0.5%硫酸鎂)、T4處理(烤煙移栽后15,25,35 d噴施1%硫酸鎂)的增效作用明顯?傮w上,葉面噴施鎂肥處理煙葉鎂含量增加,煙葉化學(xué)成分含量較為適宜、比例比較協(xié)調(diào),煙葉評(píng)吸質(zhì)量提高,以T4處理對(duì)提高各部位煙葉感官評(píng)吸質(zhì)量的效果較為明顯。因此,生產(chǎn)上百色煙區(qū)以在烤煙移栽后15,25,35 d噴施0.5%~1%濃度的硫酸鎂較為適宜。
  關(guān)鍵詞:烤煙;鎂肥;葉面噴施;產(chǎn)量;品質(zhì)
  中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):S147.2             文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A                 DOI 編碼:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.01.021
  Effects of Leaf-spraying Magnesium Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Baise Tobacco-growing Area
  LIN Beisen, GAO Huajun, WEI Zhong, LIU Chunping, YAO Bin, LUO Gang
 。˙aise Tobacco Company of Guangxi Tobacco Company, Baise, Guangxi 533000,China)
  Abstract: In order to explore the agricultural measures for increasing the magnesium content of flue-cured tobacco, the effects of leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied by field experiments. The results showed that more leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer could improve the agronomical characters of tobacco, and enhance the economic benefit significantly. Compared with CK, The economic characters of T2 treatment (leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer at 1% and 15, 25 days after transplanting), T3 treatment (leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer at 0.5% and 15, 25, 35 days after transplanting), T4 treatment (leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer at 1% and 15, 25, 35 days after transplanting) were higher. On the whole, the applications of leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer could increase the magnesium content in tobacco leaves, maintain better chemical component content and harmony, improve smoking quality, especially the application of leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer at 1% and 15, 25, 35 days after transplanting(T4). Therefore, the treatment of leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer at 0.5%~1% and 15, 25, 35 days after transplanting was appropriate for flue-cured tobacco in Baise tobacco-planting area.
  Key words: flue-cured tobacco; magnesium fertilizer; leaf-spraying; yield; quality
  鎂是烤煙生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育所必需的營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素,對(duì)烤煙的生長(zhǎng)及產(chǎn)、質(zhì)量的形成具有重要的影響[1-2]。合理施用鎂肥能提高煙葉的產(chǎn)量,并改善煙葉的品質(zhì)[3]。百色煙區(qū)是廣西最大的產(chǎn)煙區(qū),植煙土壤中鈣含量高、鎂含量偏低,鈣鎂比值大,這種特性影響煙株對(duì)鎂的吸收,生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中常導(dǎo)致煙株缺鎂現(xiàn)象發(fā)生,特別是在雨水偏大年份,土壤鎂易淋失,導(dǎo)致煙葉不耐熟,調(diào)制后煙葉外觀(guān)色澤偏淡、身份偏薄、油分不足、彈性差,嚴(yán)重影響煙葉的產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)[4]。目前,在低鎂區(qū)或鈣鎂適宜區(qū),很多學(xué)者就鎂肥種類(lèi)、用量和方法對(duì)烤煙產(chǎn)、質(zhì)量的影響及減少鈣、鉀等養(yǎng)分對(duì)鎂吸收的抑制等方面進(jìn)行了諸多研究,提出了許多能提高當(dāng)?shù)責(zé)熑~鎂含量、改善煙葉品質(zhì)的技術(shù)措施[5-7],但與百色煙區(qū)相似的高鈣、低鎂區(qū)的研究卻較少。影響煙葉鎂含量的因素很多[8-10],百色煙區(qū)在改進(jìn)鎂肥施用方式提高煙株對(duì)鎂的吸收和煙葉產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)等方面進(jìn)行了研究[2],但其施肥方式僅限于基肥和追肥的配合施用。為此,研究不同鎂肥噴施濃度和時(shí)期對(duì)煙葉鎂含量和產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)的影響,可為百色煙區(qū)生產(chǎn)上合理施用鎂肥提供理論依據(jù)。

相關(guān)熱詞搜索:百色 葉面 烤煙 產(chǎn)量 噴施

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