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腎癌合并尿毒癥透析患者的后腹腔鏡手術治療及圍手術期綜合處理

發(fā)布時間:2018-06-23 來源: 歷史回眸 點擊:


  【摘要】 目的:分析7例腎癌合并尿毒癥透析患者行后腹腔鏡手術治療及圍手術期處理的經(jīng)驗。方法:對本科2013年1月-2016年2月期間7例腎癌合并尿毒癥患者實施后腹腔鏡下根治性腎切除術,分析患者行后腹腔鏡手術治療及圍手術期的綜合處理情況。結果:7例手術時間67~115 min,平均(87±12.5)min;術中出血量55~120 mL,平均(82.0±13.5)mL,術中生命體征及循環(huán)穩(wěn)定。1例在術后
  5 d出現(xiàn)急性心功能衰竭,經(jīng)強心、利尿等搶救后心功能恢復,術后病理均為腎透明細胞癌。結論:對于腎癌合并尿毒癥患者實施后腹腔鏡根治性腎切除手術治療,需嚴格術前準備及評估,術中有效麻醉監(jiān)護及技術操作,術后控制液體攝入量,加強圍手術期綜合處理,保障尿毒癥患者醫(yī)療安全和治療效果。
  【關鍵詞】 腎癌; 尿毒癥; 腹腔鏡; 綜合治療; 根治性腎切除
  Laparoscopic Surgery and Combined Perioperative Management of Kidney Cancer Patients Accompanied with Uremia in Hemodialysis/ZHU Zunwei,ZHOU Jie,XIONG Huanteng,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2018,15(07):091-095
  【Abstract】 Objective:To analyze clinical experience in laparoscopic surgery and perioperative management of 7 kidney cancer patients accompanied with uremia in hemodialysis.Method:7 kidney cancer patients accompanied with uremia in our department were selected from January 2013 to February 2016,they were given radical nephrectomy.The comprehensive treatment of patients undergoing retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery and perioperative period were analyzed.Result:The operation time was about 67-115 min,average (87.0±12.5) min;
  operative blood loss about 55-120 mL,average (82.0±13.5)mL.The vital signs during operation were stable.1 case had acute heart failure at the fifth day after surgery,but recuperated after emergency treatment.Their postoperative pathologic results were all renal clear cell carcinoma.Conclusion:To have laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for kidney cancer patients accompanied with uremia,we must have good preoperative preparation,monitoring andcontrol the effect of anaesthesia during operation, restriction of fluid intake after the operation,and reinforce combined perioperative management for medication safety and treatment effect.
  【Key words】 Kidney cancer; Uremia; Laparoscopic; Combined treatment; Radical nephrectomy
  First-author’s address:Jiangxi Province People’s Hospital,Nanchang 330006,China
  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2018.07.026
  尿毒癥是慢性腎功能衰竭發(fā)展至最嚴重的階段,系代謝終末產(chǎn)物和內(nèi)源性毒性物質(zhì)在體內(nèi)潴留,水電解質(zhì)和酸堿平衡發(fā)生紊亂以及某些內(nèi)分泌功能失調(diào)而引發(fā)的一系列自體中毒癥狀;颊邫C體免疫能力下降,容易并發(fā)腫瘤形成。腎癌即腎細胞癌,起源于腎小管上皮細胞,又稱腎腺癌。對于尿毒癥長期透析維持的患者合并腎癌,具備手術指征,從改善患者生存的角度出發(fā),需行手術治療。但尿毒癥系手術的相對禁忌受長時間血透治療影響,各系統(tǒng)已出現(xiàn)功能障礙和物質(zhì)代謝紊亂,極易出現(xiàn)圍手術期并發(fā)癥,特別是實施后腹腔鏡下手術。因此,此類患者圍手術期的綜合處理非常重要。本科2013年
  1月-2016年2月期間,對7例腎癌合并尿毒癥的患者實施腹腔鏡下根治性腎切除術,取得一定經(jīng)驗,現(xiàn)匯報如下。
  1 資料與方法
  1.1 一般資料 腎癌合并尿毒癥透析患者7例,男3例,女4例;31~59歲;腫瘤均為單發(fā),左側5例,右側2例;腫瘤位于腎上極1例,腎中部4例,腎下極2例;大小2.5~4.5 cm,均無肉眼血尿,均未發(fā)現(xiàn)淋巴結、腎上腺、遠處臟器轉(zhuǎn)移及腔靜脈、腎靜脈瘤栓形成;颊呷粘>谀I內(nèi)科每周規(guī)律行血液透析2~3次,維持血透時間19~62個月,日尿量0~1 500 mL,腎功能衰竭的原因均為慢性腎小球腎炎所致。納入標準:均先后經(jīng)泌尿系彩超、CT平掃及增強掃描檢查,符合影像學診斷腎癌。排除標準:合并嚴重心肺功能障礙等疾;合并廣泛腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移,存在影響手術操作的出凝血性障礙性疾病,以及有后腹腔鏡手術禁忌證,不能耐受全身麻醉者。經(jīng)醫(yī)院倫理委員會審批并報醫(yī)務部門備案后實施。

相關熱詞搜索:腎癌 尿毒癥 透析 合并 手術治療

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