植物免疫蛋白對茶葉產(chǎn)量及主要品質(zhì)成分的影響
發(fā)布時間:2019-09-02 來源: 歷史回眸 點擊:
摘要:【目的】探討植物免疫蛋白對茶葉產(chǎn)量及主要品質(zhì)成分的影響,為茶葉高效優(yōu)質(zhì)生產(chǎn)提供技術(shù)支持。【方法】在廣西鹿寨、融水縣茶園設(shè)噴施800、1000和1200倍液植物免疫蛋白處理,以噴清水為對照(CK),調(diào)查統(tǒng)計翌年春茶產(chǎn)量、百芽長、百芽重及發(fā)芽密度,并測定分析其主要品質(zhì)成分!窘Y(jié)果】噴施植物免疫蛋白能有效增加茶樹的百芽長、百芽重和發(fā)芽密度,從而提高春茶產(chǎn)量,平均提高30.9%,以1000倍液處理的產(chǎn)量最高,較CK提高了39.8%。1000倍液處理的茶葉水浸出物含量、表沒食子兒茶素沒食子酸酯(EGCG)含量均顯著高于CK(P<0.05),但各處理茶葉中氨基酸和咖啡堿含量的差異不顯著(P>0.05)。【結(jié)論】植物免疫蛋白能提高茶葉產(chǎn)量及水浸出物、茶多酚和EGCG含量,且以1000倍液噴施效果較佳,可在廣西茶葉種植區(qū)推廣應(yīng)用。
關(guān)鍵詞: 茶葉;植物免疫蛋白;產(chǎn)量;品質(zhì)成分
中圖分類號: S571.1 文獻標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號:2095-1191(2016)05-0682-04
Abstract:【Objective】Effects of Pulvtong plant immune proteins on tea yield and main quality components were studied, in order to provide technical support for production of high-quality and high-yield tea. 【Method】Tea gardens of Luzhai and Rongshui were sprayed with the 800, 1000, 1200 times diluents of plant immune proteins, with spraying water as control(CK). In the next year, the spring tea yield, 100-bud weight, 100-bud length, bud density were investigated, and the main quality components of tea were determined. 【Result】The results showed that, after spraying plant immune proteins, the 100-bud length and 100-bud weight, bud density of tea were increased, thus the spring tea yield was increased by 30.9%, especially after spraying 1000 times diluent, the spring tea yield was the highest, which was increased by 39.8% compared with CK, moreover, the contents of water extract and epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) were significantly higher than those of CK(P<0.05). And there were non-significant differences in contents of amino acids and caffeine among different treatments(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】Pulvtong plant immune proteins can increase tea yield and contents of water extract and EGCG, especially 1000 times diluent with optimal effect, which can be popularized and applied in tea growing area of Guangxi.
Key words: tea; plant immune proteins; yield; quality component
0 引言
【研究意義】茶葉的產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)一直是茶葉生產(chǎn)工作者乃至整個產(chǎn)茶行業(yè)關(guān)注的問題。農(nóng)藥、化肥等化學(xué)制劑的使用在一定程度上可提高茶葉產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì),但也會帶來一些負面影響,如環(huán)境問題、產(chǎn)品安全問題等。隨著社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和人民生活水平的提高,社會對改善生態(tài)環(huán)境的要求越來越迫切,對食品安全問題的關(guān)注度越來越高。植物免疫蛋白是一種綠色安全的新型葉面肥,在蔬菜、水稻上使用可增產(chǎn)、提質(zhì),但在茶葉生產(chǎn)上的使用方法及其對茶葉產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響程度尚未確定。因此,探索植物免疫蛋白對茶葉產(chǎn)量及主要品質(zhì)成分的影響,對實現(xiàn)茶葉高效持續(xù)生產(chǎn)具有重要意義。【前人研究進展】植物免疫蛋白是從植物、酵母和微生物中提取的初生多肽復(fù)合蛋白(NAC),在蔬菜、水稻上的使用已有研究報道。卓曉光等(2013)研究表明,水稻應(yīng)用植物免疫蛋白可提高抗病能力和產(chǎn)量。吳光譜等(2013)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),植物免疫蛋白結(jié)合其他農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)投入品在水稻上應(yīng)用既能防蟲治病,又能提高產(chǎn)量,具有較高的推廣價值。車紅偉(2014)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),水稻噴施普綠通葉面肥1000倍液可有效降低常見病害的發(fā)病率,且對增產(chǎn)有一定效果。農(nóng)吉(2014)研究認為,植物免疫蛋白可明顯提高蓮藕產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)及有機栽培番茄的生長質(zhì)量、產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)和抗病性。陳麗麗等(2015a,2015b)研究表明,植物免疫蛋白能激活植物體的代謝調(diào)控系統(tǒng),誘導(dǎo)抗病免疫反應(yīng),提高免疫力,增強光合作用,促進根、莖、葉及果實生長,改善作物品質(zhì)。在茶樹葉面肥使用方面,楊麗雪等(2005)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),春茶噴施特效葉面肥能提早開采,顯著提高綠茶品質(zhì)及與品質(zhì)密切相關(guān)的有效成分茶多酚、氨基酸和咖啡堿等含量。鄭生宏等(2012)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在春茶萌芽前噴施葉綠素葉面肥能增加其新梢發(fā)芽密度和百芽重,從而提高產(chǎn)量!颈狙芯壳腥朦c】目前,有關(guān)植物免疫蛋白對提高茶葉產(chǎn)量、改善茶葉品質(zhì)的研究未見報道!緮M解決的關(guān)鍵問題】對迎霜茶樹和九龍大白茶樹噴施植物免疫蛋白,探討其對茶葉產(chǎn)量及主要品質(zhì)成分的影響,為茶葉高效優(yōu)質(zhì)生產(chǎn)提供技術(shù)支持。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:免疫 茶葉 蛋白 成分 產(chǎn)量
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