上海某鎮(zhèn)60歲以上老年人體檢結(jié)果分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-06-24 來(lái)源: 感悟愛(ài)情 點(diǎn)擊:
摘 要 目的:了解上海嘉定區(qū)外岡鎮(zhèn)60歲以上老年人的健康狀況。方法:2016年對(duì)該鎮(zhèn)8 583名60歲以上老年人進(jìn)行體檢,其中男性3 823名,平均年齡為(70.44±7.43)歲;女性4 760名,平均年齡(70.83±7.75)歲。體檢內(nèi)容包括體重指數(shù)(BMI)、血壓、心電圖、空腹血糖、血脂、尿酸。結(jié)果:男性和女性的BMI超標(biāo)、血壓升高、心電圖異常、血糖升高、血脂異常、高尿酸的檢出率分別為57.81%、39.59%、52.71%、15.23%、32.24%、20.19%和60.02%、43.32%、48.18%、13.35%、52.13%、20.14%。結(jié)論:嘉定區(qū)外岡鎮(zhèn)老年人群中BMI超標(biāo)、心電圖異常、血壓升高、血脂異常的檢出率較高,應(yīng)根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)乩夏耆巳杭膊〉姆植记闆r,開(kāi)展有針對(duì)性的預(yù)防和診療措施。
關(guān)鍵詞 60歲以上老年人;體檢結(jié)果;分析
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):R194.3 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號(hào):1006-1533(2018)04-0051-04
Analysis of physical examination results of the elderly people over 60 years old in Waigang Community of Jiading District, Shanghai
JIAO Jie
。∣utpatient Department of Waigang Community Health Service Center of Jiading District, Shanghai 201806, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the health status of the elderly people over 60 years old in Waigang Community of Jiading District, Shanghai. Methods: In 2016, 8 583 elderly people over 60 years old in the community were examined, among them there were 3 823 males, with an average age of (70.44±7.43) years, and 4 760 females, with an average age of (70.83±7.75) years. The physical examination included body mass index(BMI), blood pressure, ECG, fasting blood glucose, blood lipids and uric acid. Results: The detection rates of BMI exceeding the standard, high blood pressure, abnormal electrocardiogram, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and high uric acid were 57.81%, 39.59%, 52.71%, 15.23%, 32.24%, 20.19% and 60.02%, 43.32%, 48.18%, 13.35%, 52.13%, 20.14% in the male and female, respectively. Conclusion: In Waigang Community of Jiading District, the detection rates of BMI, abnormal ECG, blood pressure and dyslipidemia are higher in the elderly population and the targeted prevention and treatment measures should be carried out according to the distribution of diseases among the elderly population in the local area.
KEY WORDS elderly people over 60 years old; physical examination results; analysis
隨著我國(guó)人口老齡化日趨明顯,慢性病發(fā)病率不斷上升,老年人的健康狀況顯得尤為重要,為老人提供更有針對(duì)性的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù),已成為社區(qū)衛(wèi)生工作的重中之重。本研究旨在通過(guò)對(duì)上海市嘉定區(qū)外岡鎮(zhèn)60周歲以上常住居民的體檢,了解該鎮(zhèn)老年人群健康問(wèn)題,為開(kāi)展社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)提供參考和依據(jù)。
1 對(duì)象和方法
1.1 研究對(duì)象
在居民自愿參與的原則下,納入的研究對(duì)象須符合下列條件:(1)外岡鎮(zhèn)60周歲以上常住居民;(2)參加本市各類(lèi)基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)和基本醫(yī)療保障;(3)與轄區(qū)家庭醫(yī)生建立契約關(guān)系。共納入8 583名60歲以上老年人,其中男性3 823名,平均年齡為(70.44±7.43)歲,女性4 760名,平均年齡(70.83±7.75)歲。
1.2 方法
體重指數(shù)(BMI)是通過(guò)測(cè)量體重和身高計(jì)算而得。血壓是受檢者在室溫下靜息5~10 min,由經(jīng)過(guò)培訓(xùn)的醫(yī)務(wù)人員進(jìn)行測(cè)定,測(cè)量3次取平均值。心電圖是受檢者取仰臥位,平靜呼吸,全身放松,避免肌肉顫抖,由具有資質(zhì)的醫(yī)務(wù)人員行常規(guī)心電圖檢查并記錄結(jié)果。采集清晨空腹靜脈血2~3 mL,測(cè)量血糖、糖化血紅蛋白、血脂(總膽固醇、甘油三脂)和尿酸。
診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)根據(jù)衛(wèi)生部《中國(guó)成人超重和肥胖癥預(yù)防控制指南》推薦的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以BMI≥24 kg/ m2為超標(biāo)[1]。(2)以收縮壓(SBP)≥140 mmHg和(或)舒張壓(DBP)≥90 mmHg為血壓升高[2]。(3)心電圖異常以《診斷學(xué)》第7版為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[3]。(4)空腹血糖(FPG)大于6.1 mmol/L為血糖升高,糖化血紅蛋白(HbA1c)≥6.5%為異常結(jié)果[2];(5)總膽固醇(TC)大于5.2 mmol/L和(或)甘油三脂(TG)大于1.7 mmol/L為血脂異常[4];(6)男性尿酸≥417 μmol/L,女性≥357 μmol/L為高尿酸血癥[5]。
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