摘要：采用電感耦合等離子體原子發(fā)射光譜法（ICP-AES）測定滇龍膽（Gentiana rigescens Franch.ex Hemsl.）與不同樹齡（3年、4年、5年、9年、12年和15年）茶樹（Camellia sinensis）套種后其根、莖、葉3個部位及生長土壤中7種礦質元素（B、Ca、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni和Zn）的含量。結果顯示，滇龍膽中礦質元素平均含量高低順序為Ca（5 238±2 111）μg/g、Fe（622±238）μg/g、Mn（379±301） μg/g、Cu（75±9.1） μg/g、Zn（46±13） μg/g、B（17±4.9） μg/g、Ni（5.6±3.1） μg/g，與土壤礦質元素含量變化趨勢基本一致。根部的B、Ca、Fe、Mn、Ni元素在樹齡15年茶樹-滇龍膽套種后含量最高，分別為18、3 797、1 050、254、11 μg/g，Cu、Zn元素在樹齡12年的茶樹-滇龍膽套種中含量最高，分別為244、38 μg/g。相同營養(yǎng)器官不同樹齡的茶樹-滇龍膽套種后礦質元素含量具有差異，以根部的Cu、Mn元素含量差異顯著，變化范圍分別為19～244 μg/g和79～254 μg/g，分別相差12.8倍和3.2倍；樹齡15年、9年的茶樹-滇龍膽套種后莖部的Cu含量分別為177、11 μg/g，相差16.1倍；樹齡3年、5年的茶樹-滇龍膽套種后葉部的Cu含量分別為325、11 μg/g，相差29.5倍。不同樹齡的茶樹-滇龍膽套種后根部與土壤礦質元素的相關性以及生物富集系數不同，樹齡15年的茶樹-滇龍膽套種后根部對Ca、Cu、Mn、Ni、Zn元素的富集能力較強，生物富集系數分別達21.0、3.3、2.2、1.8和4.7。說明茶樹復合種植可改變土壤礦質元素的分布，自身生物學特性與復合種植的生態(tài)環(huán)境共同影響了滇龍膽對礦質元素吸收與運輸的能力。
　　關鍵詞：滇龍膽（Gentiana rigescens Franch.ex Hemsl.）；茶樹（Camellia sinensis）；復合種植；土壤；礦質元素
　　中圖分類號：S662.1 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0439-8114（2015）22-5641-06
　　Abstract： Gentiana rigescens Franch.ex Hemsl. is an important plant resource in China， analyzing the effects of compound planting on the mineral elements content in G. rigescens and Camellia sinensis of different growing years has significantly ecological and economic benefits for the sustainable development of agriculture in medicinal plants in China and provide basic data for quality control cultivation technology research of G. rigescens. 7 mineral elements （B， Ca， Cu， Fe， Mn， Ni and Zn） content in G. rigescens （root， steam and leaf） intercropped with C. sinensis of different growth years （3-year， 4-year， 5-year， 9-year， 12-year and 15-year） and the corresponding underlying soil were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry（ICP-AES）. Results the sequence of average element content in G. rigescens is Ca （5 238±2 111） μg/g， Fe（622±238） μg/g， Mn（379±301） μg/g， Cu（75±9.1） μg/g，Zn （46±13） μg/g， B （17±4.9） μg/g， Ni （5.6±3.1） μg/g， which is consistent with the change tendency of mineral elements content in the soil. In the root， the sample intercropping with C. sinensis of 15-year had the highest content of B， Ca， Fe， Mn and Ni， which was 18 μg/g， 3 797 μg/g， 1 050 μg/g， 254 μg/g and 11 μg/g， respectively. The sample intercropping with C. sinensis of 12-year had the highest content of Cu and Zn， which was 244 μg/g and 38 μg/g， respectively. Mineral elements content in the same organ in G. rigescens intercropping with C. sinensis of different growth years were significantly different， especially the content of Cu and Mn in root， and the variation range were 19 to 244 μg/g and 79 to 254 μg/g， respectively， with a difference of 12.8 times and 3.2 times respectively. The content of Cu in the steam of G. rigescens intercropping with C. sinensis of 15-year and 9-year were 177 μg/g and 11 μg/g， respectively， with a difference of 16.1 times. The content of Cu in the leaf of G. rigescens intercropping with C. sinensis of 3-year and 5-year were 325 μg/g and 11 μg/g， respectively， with a difference of 29.5 times. The relationship and the bioconcentration factors of mineral elements were different in the sample intercropping with C. sinensis of different growth years， the bioconcentration factors of Ca， Cu， Mn， Ni and Zn were higher in the root of the sample intercropping with C. sinensis of 15-year，as the bioconcentration factors is 21.0，3.3，2.2，1.8 and 4.7， respectively. G. rigescens intercropping with C. sinensis can change the soil mineral elements distribution，and the biological characteristics of G. rigescens and the ecological environment can affect the absorption of mineral elements and transport capacity.

相關熱詞搜索：套種 樹齡 龍膽 茶樹 藥材