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湘西烤煙主產(chǎn)區(qū)煙葉化學(xué)成分分析

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-25 來源: 感悟愛情 點(diǎn)擊:

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  摘要[目的]分析評(píng)價(jià)湘西主產(chǎn)煙區(qū)煙葉化學(xué)成分,為煙區(qū)合理施肥提供依據(jù)。[方法]對(duì)湘西主產(chǎn)煙區(qū)共計(jì)140個(gè)烤煙樣本的主要化學(xué)成分進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和評(píng)價(jià)。[結(jié)果] 湘西煙區(qū)煙葉總糖、還原糖含量較高,煙堿含量最大值較大,煙葉糖堿比較大,總氮含量較為適宜;龍山、永順、保靖煙區(qū)煙葉總糖、還原糖、氯含量較高,總煙堿、總氮含量較低,鉀含量稍低;而鳳凰、花垣、古丈、瀘溪煙區(qū)煙葉總糖、還原糖、氯含量較低,總煙堿、總氮含量較高,鉀含量稍高。 2014年,各煙區(qū)煙葉總糖、還原糖含量較大,總煙堿、總氮含量居中,煙葉化學(xué)成分含量較適宜。[結(jié)論] 針對(duì)湘西煙區(qū)情況,通過合理施肥,達(dá)到營養(yǎng)平衡,協(xié)調(diào)各產(chǎn)區(qū)煙葉的化學(xué)成分。
  關(guān)鍵詞烤煙;化學(xué)成分;湖南煙區(qū);湘西
  中圖分類號(hào)S572文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼A文章編號(hào)0517-6611(2016)22-093-03
  Abstract[Objective] The aim was to study and analyze the chemical components of tobacco leaves in Xiangxi tobacco growing areas, and to provide basis for rational fertilization. [Method] A comparative and evaluated study was conducted for chemical components of 140 fluecured tobacco samples from the main tobacco growing areas of Xiangxi. [Result] Total sugar and reducing sugar content in Xiangxi tobacco were higher, nicotine content maximum value was bigger, chlorine minimum value was smaller, the sugar alkali was bigger, total nitrogen content was relatively appropriate; total sugar, reducing sugar and chlorine in Longshan, Yongshun, Baojing were higher; total nicotine and total nitrogen content were lower, potassium content was slightly lower; total sugar, reducing sugar, chloride content in Fenghuang, Huayuan Guzhang, Luxi were lower; total nicotine, total nitrogen content were higher; the potassium content was slightly higher. In 2014, total sugar and reducing sugar content was higher; total nicotine and total nitrogen was in the middle; chemical composition content was suitable. [Conclusion] According to the situation of Xiangxi tobacco area, the chemical composition of tobacco leaves in different tobacco growing areas were coordinated by rational fertilization and nutrient balance.
  Key wordsFluecured tobacco; Chemical components; Tobacco growing areas of Hunan Province; Xiangxi
  煙葉是我國重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物,湘西是我國主產(chǎn)煙區(qū)之一,煙葉種植面積達(dá)1.33萬hm2。煙葉質(zhì)量主要受到品種、生態(tài)條件、栽培措施、烘烤分級(jí)、調(diào)制陳化手段等因素的影響[1-3]。目前,國內(nèi)對(duì)煙葉質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)大多集中在研究部分質(zhì)量指標(biāo)間或集中在某兩組質(zhì)量指標(biāo)間的關(guān)系,受樣本來源、樣本數(shù)量和檢測方法的限制,使得分析結(jié)果差異較大。對(duì)湘西煙區(qū)烤煙進(jìn)行綜合質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià),有利于尋找烤煙質(zhì)量不足以及提升煙葉整體質(zhì)量水平,同時(shí)也對(duì)煙葉生產(chǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的提高具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義[4],對(duì)卷煙企業(yè)合理使用原料、充分發(fā)揮各種煙葉質(zhì)量潛力以及優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉的生產(chǎn)具有極其重要的參考價(jià)值。
  1材料與方法
  1.1材料
  供試材料選自湘西龍山、永順、鳳凰、花垣、保靖、古丈、瀘溪7個(gè)煙區(qū)的煙葉樣品140個(gè),部位選取能代表上、中、下3個(gè)部位煙葉特征的等級(jí)B2F、C3F和X2F煙葉樣品各1 kg,用于化學(xué)成分鑒定評(píng)價(jià)。
  1.2方法
  煙葉化學(xué)成分評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)有:還原糖、總植物堿、總氮、淀粉、鉀、氯、糖堿比、氮堿比和鉀氯比;瘜W(xué)成分采用的是常規(guī)的分析方法測定,其中總糖測定采用乙醇提取,蒽酮顯色法;還原糖測定采用3,5-二硝基水楊酸比色法;總煙堿含量測定采用脫色法;總氮測定采用過氧化氫-硫酸消化法;淀粉測定采用蒽酮法;鉀離子測定采用火焰光度法;氯含量測定采用莫爾法[5-6]。
  2結(jié)果與分析
  2.1湘西煙葉化學(xué)成分的描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析
  煙葉的化學(xué)成分對(duì)煙葉內(nèi)在質(zhì)量的影響較大。一般認(rèn)為,總氮含量在15%~3.5%較為適宜,糖堿比在8~10較為合適,氮堿比以1較為合適,鉀氯比≥4較為適宜[7]。湘西煙葉化學(xué)成分的描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析見表1。湘西煙區(qū)煙葉總糖、還原糖含量較高,煙堿含量最大值較大,煙葉糖堿比較大,總氮含量較為適宜,氯含量最小值較小,煙葉鉀氯比變化范圍較大。

相關(guān)熱詞搜索:湘西 烤煙 煙葉 主產(chǎn)區(qū) 化學(xué)成分

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