高一英語(yǔ)短文填詞篇一：2014高考英語(yǔ)二輪短文語(yǔ)法填空訓(xùn)練題(1)(含解析)

2014高考英語(yǔ)二輪短文語(yǔ)法填空訓(xùn)練題（1）及參考答案（解析）

該資源針對(duì)2014英語(yǔ)高考必考短文語(yǔ)法填空的情況，搜集、整理了歷年的短文語(yǔ)法填空，都

有參考答案，有的附有參考答案的解析，排版工整，具有參考價(jià)值。

語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或

使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。

Maybe you never opened that account (賬戶)．But someone else 16.________—someone

who used your name，your credit card number or your 17.________(person) information

to commit fraud (造假) without letting you know,18.________is actually a crime，

pure and simple.

The biggest problem is 19.________(probable) that you may not know that someone has

taken away your identity 20.________you notice that something is wrong：you may get

bills for 21.________credit card account you never opened，your credit report may

include debts you never knew you had,22.________you may see charges on your bills

that you didn’t sign for，and even don’t know anything about.

If your identity has really 23.________(steal) like that，the Federal Trade

Commission(FTC) suggests that you 24.________(take) at least two actions immediately.

First，contact the fraud departments of the major credit offices and ask them

25.________copies of your credit reports.

Then，review your reports carefully to check your corrections and changes.

16．did [中間由but連接，所以兩句應(yīng)是對(duì)稱的，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是open，但一般為避免重復(fù)，

用do代替，此處用did與前面保持時(shí)態(tài)一致。]

17．personal [information是名詞，前面用形容詞修飾。personal“個(gè)人的”。]

18．which [which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，此處先行詞不是一個(gè)單詞，而是整個(gè)句子。]

19．probably [此處需要一個(gè)副詞來修飾is，表示“可能是”。]

20．until [not...until...“直到??才??”。本句意為：直到你注意到不對(duì)時(shí)，才會(huì)

知道有人盜用了你的身份。]

21．a(chǎn) [不定冠詞a表泛指的“一個(gè)”。a credit card account意為“一個(gè)信用卡賬戶”。]

22．or [這里列舉了三種個(gè)人信息被盜用的情況，or表示“或者”。]

23．been stolen [has說明是完成時(shí)態(tài)，又因?yàn)槭潜煌�，所以用has been stolen。]

24．take [此處suggest作“建議”講，后面的that從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即用should do

的形式，should可省略。]

25．for [ask sb.for sth.“向某人要某物”，固定搭配。]

語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或

使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。

His name was Fleming，and he was a poor Scottish farmer.One day, he saved a

16.________(terrify) boy from a black bog (沼澤) by accident.

The next day，a fancy carriage pulled up to the Scotsman’s sparse

surroundings.17.________elegantly dressed nobleman stepped out and introduced

himself 18.________the father of the boy Farmer Fleming had saved.

“I want to repay you，”said the nobleman.“You saved 19.________son’s life.”

“No, I can’t accept payment for what I did，”the Scottish farmer

replied,20.________(wave) off the offer.At that moment，the farmer’s own son came

to the door of the family hovel.

“Is that your son？”the nobleman asked.“Yes，”the farmer replied 21.________(proud)．

“I’ll make you a deal.Let me take him and give him a good education.22.________the

boy is anything like his father，he will grow to be a man you can be proud of.”

And that he did.In time，F(xiàn)armer Fleming’s son graduated 23.________St.Mary’s Hospital

Medical School in London, and 24.________(go) on to become known throughout the world

as the noted Sir Alexander Fleming，the discoverer of Penicillin (青霉素)．

Years afterward，the nobleman’s son was stricken 25.________a serious disease.What

saved him？Penicillin.

16．terrified [這里應(yīng)用terrify的過去分詞形式作定語(yǔ)，修飾boy。terrified“害怕的”。]

17．An [an elegantly dressed nobleman“一個(gè)穿著優(yōu)雅的貴族”。]

18．a(chǎn)s [as作介詞的時(shí)候有“以??的身份”的意思。此處表示“介紹他自己是被救男孩的

父親”。]

19．my [名詞前應(yīng)用形容詞修飾。上文提到這個(gè)貴族是獲救的小男孩的父親，所以要用形容

詞性物主代詞my。]

20．waving [考查現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的用法。wave off意為“謝絕，拒絕”，表主動(dòng)，用

waving。]

21．proudly [需用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，故把形容詞proud變成副詞proudly。]

22．If [if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“如果”。]

23．from [graduate from...是固定搭配，意為“從??畢業(yè)”。]

24．went [and連接的兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致，前面用的是graduated，則此處應(yīng)用

went。]

25．with [be stricken with意為“患上(病)”，固定短語(yǔ)。]

語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或

使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。

“Guys，it is ‘Reading Workshop’s time now.16.________I call your table，get your

things，please！”said Mrs Toalson.She was holding 17.________cup that had many sticks

in it；on every stick was written each student’s name and table number.

What does she mean？Probably books，I thought.Mrs Toalson picked a stick 18.________of

the cup and said，“Okay，Aniqa’s table；Table Two，you may get your things.”Then

my four classmates ran 19.________the cushions in the bathtub (浴缸)．Mrs Toalson

kept 20.________(pick) sticks，and calling out different table numbers.

“Kate，you may use the bathtub，”Mrs Toalson said.Gosh！Use the bathtub？Is Kate

going 21.________(take) a bath，I wondered.Kate is the girl who had pretty brown

hair.She ran 22.________(happy) with her book to bathtub and 23.________(lie) down

in it.As she read，she cuddled (擁抱) a teddy bear.I bet it must be comfortable reading

in a bathtub.

Except for lucky Kate，everybody had to read elsewhere.Some were sitting on the seats，

some were lying down under the table, 24.________everybody’s reading pose was

different.Regina thought that it would be more fun to read outside on the

grass.25.________a great idea！The next day our whole class went to the park across

the street from our school.It was amazing!

16．When [這是Mrs Toalson女士所說的話。從下文學(xué)生的行動(dòng)可知，這里指“當(dāng)??的時(shí)

候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。]

17．a(chǎn) [cup在文中第一次出現(xiàn)，并非特指，故用不定冠詞a。]

18．out [此處指“從杯子里面拿出來”，故用out。]

19．for [run for“趕往，跑向”。]

20．picking [keep doing sth.“繼續(xù)做某事”，是固定用法，所以用pick的動(dòng)名詞形式。]

21．to take [be going to do sth.“打算做某事”。這是將來時(shí)的一種表達(dá)法。]

22．happily [此處需用副詞修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞run，故形容詞happy變成副詞形式happily。]

23．lay [and連接同ran并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用lie的過去式。]

24．a(chǎn)nd [and起連接作用。]

25．What [此處為感嘆句，中心詞為名詞，故用what引導(dǎo)。]

廣東省2014語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題l 5分．滿分l5分)

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

詞或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為16—25的相應(yīng)位置上。

Ms. Mary was over eighty, but she still drove her old car like half her age. She loved driving very fast, and boasted of the fact16. she had never, in her thirty-five years of driving, been punished 17. a driving mistake.

Then one day, she nearly lost her record. A police car followed her, and the policemen in it saw her pass a red light without 18. (stop).

When Ms. Mary came before the judge, he looked at her severely and said that she

was too old to drive a car, and that the reason 19.she had not stopped at red light was most probably that her eyes had become weak 20 old age, so that she had simply not seen it.

When the judge had finished 21.he was saying, Ms. Mary opened the

big handbag she was carrying and took out her sewing. Without saying a word, she 22. (choose) a needle with a very small eye, and threaded it at the first time. When she had 23(success) done this, she took the thread out

of the needle again and handed both the needle and thread to the judge, saying, “Now it is your turn. I suppose you can drive a car well, and you have no doubts24. your eyesight.”

The judge took the needle and tried to thread it. After half a dozen times, he had still not succeeded. The case against Ms. Mary 25. (dismiss), and her

record remained unbroken.

【參考答案】（1）

16. that

21.what17.for18.stopping.19why 20.with 22. chose 23. successfully 24.about

25. was dismissed

廣東省2014語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題l 5分．滿分l5分)

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

詞或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為16—25的相應(yīng)位置上。

In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly,

we must understand the language when we hear 16. spoken. Secondly, we

must be able to speak it ourselves correctly with

confidence and without hesitation. 17. , we must be able to read the language, and fourthly, we must be

able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.

There is no easy way to success18.language learning. 19. good memory is a great help, but it is not enough only 20. (memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long lists

of words and21. meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We

must learn by using the language. 22 .we are satisfied with only

高一英語(yǔ)短文填詞篇二：英語(yǔ)短文填詞套題

高三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)（一）

名 詞

編寫者：周穎青 吳麗瑩

一、可數(shù)名詞

1. 集合名詞

(1)people, cattle, police, folk, personnel（人員）（作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)）

(2)class, government, committee, enemy, crowd, family, crew, group, team, public, audience, staff, couple, troop, association, party, union, band（幫，伙）（強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)成員時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)）

(3)mankind, man(人類),humanity(作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))

2. 個(gè)體名詞

(1)復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成

A：一般在名詞后加s

B: 以-s, -x, -ch, -sh結(jié)尾的名詞的后加es，但stomach－stomachs

C: 以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞：

a: leaf, life, thief, wolf, knife, half, shelf, loaf, self, wife －ves

b: proof, roof, belief, chief, gulf, safe, reef, cliff, cuff（袖口）, brief－s c: handkerchief, scarf－s/ves

D: 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y改成i+es；以元音字母加y結(jié)尾，直接加s

E: 以o結(jié)尾的名詞一般加s但以下單詞加es:

Echo, negro, potato, tobacco, hero, tomato

但Zero, volcano, mosquito, tornado, motto可加s或es.

F: 不規(guī)則變化：

Foot－feet goose－geese mouse－mice child－children

Ox－oxen medium－media analysis－analyses woman－women Man－men tooth－teeth phenomenon－phenomena

Criterion－criteria（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)） bacterium－bacteria（細(xì)菌）

Axis－aces（軸心）German－Germans

G: 單復(fù)數(shù)同形：

Deer, fish, specie, works, means, series, sheep, bison, Swiss, Chinese

（1） 復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)

A: 有中心詞的在中心詞后加復(fù)數(shù)

B: 無中心詞的在最后一個(gè)單詞后加復(fù)數(shù)

C: 含有woman和man 的兩個(gè)都變復(fù)數(shù)

D: 含有sports, customs, arms, clothes, sales和accounts等構(gòu)成的

復(fù)合名詞不可省去‖s‖

a sports car賽車a customs officer海關(guān)官員

arms production武器生產(chǎn) a clothes shop服裝店

（2） 下列詞組中常用復(fù)數(shù)

A：成雙成對(duì)的名詞

compasses, pants, shorts, trousers, glasses, cross-roads, jeans,

socks, gloves, shoes, scissors, tweezers（鑷子）

B: 以－ing結(jié)尾的名詞

Belongings, earnings, doings, findings, surroundings

（4）有些詞組中名詞常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)

be/ make friends with與…友好 take pains下功夫

make preparations for為…做準(zhǔn)備 make arrangements做安排

give respects to向…致攻、敬意 give regards to向…問候

shake hands with 與…握手best wishes

take turns輪流as follows如下

in rags衣襟襤褸 change buses/ trains換車

sing the praises of贊頌 in high spirits情結(jié)高昂

（5） 有些學(xué)科名詞雖然以－s結(jié)尾，但是單數(shù)

mathematics, physics, politics, statistics, economics

二、不可數(shù)名詞

1. 不可數(shù)名詞包括物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞，它一般只有單數(shù)，其數(shù)量常用量詞來表示。

a piece of paper a block of stone a bowl of rice

a cup of teaa slice of meata flash of lightning

a burst of laughter a bottle of beer a article of clothing

2. 不可數(shù)名詞也有復(fù)數(shù)形式，或加a/ an

(1) 表示種類(2) 表示份數(shù)(3) 表示具體事物

3. 下列名詞加復(fù)數(shù)意義產(chǎn)生變化

air空氣－airs傲氣 arm－arms武器 cloth－clothes

pain(疼痛）－pains(努力) paper－papers（文件） work－works（著作） water－waters(水域) sand－sands(沙灘) spirit(精神)－spirits(興致) manner－mannershair－h(huán)airsgood－goods

green－greens iron－irons（腳鐐手銬）time－times

custom－customs(海關(guān)) brain－brains(智慧) look－looks(外表) damage－damages(賠償費(fèi)) force－forces(軍隊(duì)) wood－woods compass－compasses(圓規(guī)) green－greens(青菜)

三、專有名詞

單個(gè)的專有名詞一般不加冠詞，而由多上普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞常常要加the

四、名詞的所有格

1. of一般與無生命的名詞連用

表同位關(guān)系the month of September

表整體與部分關(guān)系some of the students

表動(dòng)賓關(guān)系 love of our country, study of a globe

表所屬關(guān)系 the gate of our school

2. ?s常常與有生命的名詞連用 my father‘s pictures

?s也可與無生命的名詞（時(shí)間，距離，國(guó)家，天體）連用

（1）所有格‘s的構(gòu)成形式：the teachers‘ officeJones‘s car Tom‘s father

（2）雙重所有格：表很多中的其中之一，或感情色彩

a friend of my father‘sthe car of Mary‘s

（3）直接接所有格表示某某家、教堂或與某一職業(yè)相關(guān)的場(chǎng)所

I‘ll go to Mary‘s tomorrow.St Paul‘s

（3） my mother‘s and my father‘s house與my mother and my father‘s

house

五、名詞作定語(yǔ)：用單數(shù)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原料

a shoe shop a table lamp afternoon tea

當(dāng)定語(yǔ)是有生命的名詞時(shí)則用所有格形式children‘s hospital, men‘s clothing shop

練習(xí)

1. The Whites are ____.

A. my father and my mother‘s friends B. my father‘s and my mother friends

C. my father‘s and my mother‘s friends D. my father and my mother friends

2. It will take me ____ to get to Shanghai.

A. two days time B. two day‘s time C. two day time D. two days‘ time

3. We had worked out the plan and now we must put it into ____.

A. faceB. reality C. practice D. deed

4. My father‘s ____ is grey, but my mother has a few grey ____.

A. hair, hair B. hairs, hairsC. hairs, hair D. hair, hairs

5. He gained his ____ by printing ____ of famous writers.

A. wealth, work B. wealths, works C. wealths, work D. wealth, works

6. Here‘s my card. Let‘s keep in ____.

A. touchB. relationC. connection D. friendship

7. He dropped the ____ and broke it.

A. cup of coffee B. coffee‘s cup C. cup for coffee D. coffee cup

8. The ____ of the buildings are covered with lots of ____.

A. roofs, leaves B. rooves, leafs C. roof, leaf D. roofs, leafs

9. Hearing the news that thy would go outing, everyone in the class was ____.

A. in high spirit B. in high spirits C. on high spirit D. on high spirits

10. We will never lose ____ whatever difficulties we meet.

A. heartsB. a heart C. our heart D. heart

11. What ____! Where did you get them?

A. a big fish B. big fish C. a piece of fish D. a piece of big fish

12. I saw ____ running about at the foot of the mountain.

A. cattleB. two cattle C. much cattle D. a head of cattle

13. －Few children are as bright as he is, and also, he works very hard.

－It‘s not ____ he always gets the first plave in any examination.

A. question B. doubt C. problem D. wonder

14. －Where‘s your brother? －At ____.

A. Mr Green‘s B. GreensC. The Mr Greens D. the Greens

15. Mr. Smith has two ____, both of whom are teachers in a school.

A. brother-in-law B. brother-in-laws C. brothers-in-laws D. brothers-in-law Keys:

ADCDD ADABD BDDAD

冠 詞

編寫者：鄒艷徐小林

冠詞是一種虛詞，本身不能獨(dú)立使用，也沒有詞義，通常放在名詞之前幫助指明名詞的含義。英語(yǔ)中的冠詞分為定冠詞和不定冠詞。

一、不定冠詞：

不定冠詞有a和an兩種形式。a放在輔音音素開頭的詞前，an放在元音音素（而不是元音字母）開頭的詞前。如：a one-eyed camel，a European friend，a university student，a useful animal；an hour，an honest boy，an X-ray等。

1． 不定冠詞泛指人或物。如：

Have you got an Email address?

I work as a teacher.

2. 不定冠詞用于首次提到的人或物。如：

Long long ago, there was a mountain here.

An old cock is sitting in a tall tree.

3. 不定冠詞用在單數(shù)普通名詞前泛指一類人或事物。如：

A child needs love.

A horse is a useful tool.

4. 不定冠詞用于表示時(shí)間，速度，價(jià)格等意義的名詞之前，

表示單位，有“每一”之意，相當(dāng)于every。 如：

He works ten hours a day.

This cloth is 10 yuan a metre.

5. 不定冠詞表示數(shù)量，用在可數(shù)名詞前，有“一”之意，相當(dāng)于“one”。如： Rome was not built in a day.

Daniel has a brother and two sisters

6. 不定冠詞用在某些抽象名詞或描寫自然現(xiàn)象的名詞前，表示一陣、一場(chǎng)、一種、

一例、一次、一份等。如：

It‘s a great pleasure to talk with you.

A shower came.

7. 不定冠詞用在so(as、too、how)加形容詞之后。如：

He is so good a boy that he is liked by all.

It‘s too difficult a book for you to read.

8. 不定冠詞用于說明事物的同一性質(zhì)、特征、程度和大小，有“相同”之意，相當(dāng)于“the same”。如：

They are all of a size.

We are nearly of an age.

9. 不定冠詞用于人名前，表示說話者對(duì)此人不認(rèn)識(shí)，或表示與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事物。如：

A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out.

He wishes to become a Newton.

10. 不定冠詞用于某些固定詞組中。如：

a few, a little, a long time, many a, as a rule(通常)，in a hurry, in a word, in a short while, once upon a time, It‘s a pity that… 等

二、定冠詞：

定冠詞the與this和that同源，有這個(gè)和那個(gè)的意思。可和一個(gè)名詞連用表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或事物，以區(qū)別于同類中其它的人或事物。

1． 定冠詞表示特定的，或上文已提到的人或事物。如：

What do you think of the film?

Would you mind my opening the window?

2. 定冠詞表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的東西。如：

the world ,the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth, the universe, the atmosphere, the Pacific Ocean等。

3. 定冠詞用在可數(shù)名詞前，表示“一類人或事物”。如：

The dog is a useful animal.

The computer is a wonderful machine.

4. 定冠詞用在某些形容詞前，表示“一類人或事物”。如：

the poor, the rich, the youth, the old, the blind, the deaf, the living,

the dead, the sick, the wounded, the middle-aged, the new等。

5. 定冠詞用在形容詞和副詞最高級(jí)前。如：

Who sings the best in your class?

Monday is my busiest day.

6. 定冠詞用在序數(shù)詞前。如：

He is the last one to leave.

It is the biggest classroom in our school.

7. 定冠詞用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前表示“一家人或夫婦倆”。如：

The Smiths are at table.

The Greens have opened a boutique.

8. 定冠詞用在某些專有名詞前。如：

the United States, the Union, the People‘s Republic of China, the Titanic, the Communist Party of China, the United Kingdom等。

9．定冠詞用在表示西洋樂器（而不是中國(guó)樂器）的名詞前。如：

play the piano, play the guitar, play the violin等。

10．定冠詞用在方向名詞前或某些表示時(shí)間的詞組或習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中。如：

in the west(east, south, north), on the right(left),in the (morning, afternoon,

evening),in the daytime, in the middle of, in the end, on the other hand, by the way等。

11．定冠詞用在地理名稱前及江、河、湖、海、海峽、海灣、山脈、運(yùn)河、島嶼

等。如：

the Changjiang River, the Pacific (Ocean), the Tian-shan Mountain, the Red Sea,

the Alps, the Philippines, the English Channel等。

（注意：但以Mout開頭的山和一些湖不加定冠詞。如：Mout O Mei, Mout Tai

等）

12．定冠詞用在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞前，表示世紀(jì)的某個(gè)年代。如：

In the 1870‘s, when Marx was already in his fifties, he found it important to study

the situation in Russia.

13. 定冠詞用在有些國(guó)家和民族的形容詞前，泛指這個(gè)國(guó)家和民族全體人員，這

類形 容詞一般以sh、ch、ese結(jié)尾。如：the English, the Chinese, the Scotch等。

14．定冠詞用在某些建筑物、報(bào)紙、會(huì)議前。如:

the Great Wall, the Peace Hotel, the Capital Theatre, the People‘s Daily,the 11th Party Congress等。

15．定冠詞用在以festival組成的節(jié)日前(但以day組成的節(jié)日前不加定冠詞)。如：

高一英語(yǔ)短文填詞篇三：高一英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)集匯講解和訓(xùn)練--短文填空

高一英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)集匯講解和訓(xùn)練--短文填空

十、短文填空及其解題方法

【考點(diǎn)掃描】

短文填空是近兩年才創(chuàng)設(shè)的一種新題型。這種題型通常有四種形式：

1、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個(gè)單詞，讓考生根據(jù)上下文填上所缺的單詞。

2、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個(gè)單詞，但給出這些單詞的第一個(gè)字母，讓考生根據(jù)短文的上下文的意思和所給的提示字母，填上所缺的單詞。3、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個(gè)單詞，同時(shí)在一個(gè)方框內(nèi)給出一些單詞，讓考生根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容，把這些單詞填入空白處，使文章正確、通順。

4、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)，同時(shí)給出這些單詞或短語(yǔ)的漢語(yǔ)意思，讓考生根據(jù)短文的上下文和所給漢語(yǔ)的提示，填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(yǔ)。陜西省的短文填空題采用的基本上是第四種形式。

這種題型考查的是考生的整體閱讀能力、基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法的運(yùn)用能力和書面表述能力，特別是單詞和短語(yǔ)的拼寫能力。它是介于閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)之間的一種題型。

陜西省中考英語(yǔ)題中的短文填空題又有什麼具體特點(diǎn)呢？

1、從文體上看，議論文和敘事文為主。

2002年陜西省的短文填空題所給的短文是一篇論說文，論說的主題是：只有母親的愛是真正的愛。2003年的中考說明樣題所給的短文是一篇敘事文。講述的是圣誕節(jié)的情況。2003年的中考題中的短文填空題也是一篇敘事文。講述的是主題是因特網(wǎng)的歷史。2004年是一篇論說文。

2、從填空的內(nèi)容上看，以詞組和短語(yǔ)為主。

2002年短文填空題共有10個(gè)空，其中6個(gè)空填的是詞組和短語(yǔ)。2003年中考說明中短文填空題共有10個(gè)空，其中7個(gè)空填的是詞組和短語(yǔ)。2003年中考題中的短文填空題共有10個(gè)空，其中5個(gè)空填的是詞組和短語(yǔ)。2004年的短文填空題10個(gè)空中有6個(gè)是詞組和短語(yǔ)。也就是說短文填空題要填的詞組和短語(yǔ)總體上保持在5-7個(gè)。

3、從考查的范圍上看，以英語(yǔ)的一些特殊用法為主。

2002年的短文填空題考到了enough作副詞，放在被修飾詞之后的用法，考到了“with+名詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)的用法。2003年中考說明中的短文填空題又一次出現(xiàn)了“with+名詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)用法。2003年中考題的短文填空題考查了something wrong這樣的形容詞后置的特殊用法。2004年的短文填空題考查了twice a day 這樣的特殊表示方式。

4、從所留的空白上看，以給出漢語(yǔ)提示為主。

2003年中考說明的短文填空題共留出10個(gè)空白，其中8處給出了漢語(yǔ)提示，2處沒有任何提示。2003年中考的短文填空題同樣是10個(gè)空白，全部給出了漢語(yǔ)提示。2004年10個(gè)空白全部給了漢語(yǔ)提示。

【名師解難】

做好短文填空題要求考生具備堅(jiān)實(shí)的語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)，理解文章大意和主旨的能力，牢固掌握英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配，熟記英語(yǔ)單詞的拼寫。做短文填空可以從以下幾個(gè)方面著手：

1、從語(yǔ)法方面考慮

短文填空題所涉及的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容通常包括：名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)、主謂一致、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)、介詞和連詞的選用等。例如2003年中考的短文填空題的第一個(gè)空：“Most of us 1 (忙于)talking about and using the Internet every day….” 在這里，用英語(yǔ)表示“忙于”不僅要用busy, busy之前還要加be, 而be還要和主語(yǔ)most of us保持一致，變成are。再如2004年中考題中的第7個(gè)空，but soon you’ll 7 _____(習(xí)慣于) doing it. “習(xí)慣于”必須用be / get used to, 因?yàn)檫@個(gè)短語(yǔ)用在一般將來時(shí)中，在助動(dòng)詞之后。

2、從習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配方面考慮

如上所說，陜西省的短文填空以詞組和短語(yǔ)為主，而詞組和短語(yǔ)必然會(huì)涉及到很多習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配。例如2003年中考說明短文填空的第8個(gè)空：“ 8 （在圣誕夜）children are very happy.” 用英語(yǔ)表示“在圣誕夜”必須用On Christmas Eve。因?yàn)樵凇澳骋惶斓耐砩稀绷?xí)慣上用介詞on。2004年考題中的第5個(gè)空就是一個(gè)固定搭配---at least。

3、從上下文的結(jié)構(gòu)方面考慮

有的空白必須根據(jù)上下文的結(jié)構(gòu)才能判斷應(yīng)該填什麼樣的單詞或短語(yǔ)。例如2003年考試說明短文填空的第9個(gè)空：They put their stocking at the end of their beds their parents can put presents in them.從上下文文我們可以看出，他們把他們的長(zhǎng)筒襪放在床頭上是為了讓他們的父母親能夠把禮物放在里面。以此判斷，后面的句子應(yīng)是一個(gè)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。因此，應(yīng)填so that。再看2004年的10個(gè)空Eat a lot of fruits and vegetables and drink water 10_______ (代替) drinks. 這個(gè)句子中已經(jīng)有了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞eat 和drink, 代替就不能再用動(dòng)詞，而需用一個(gè)介詞instead of。

【中考范例】

（2004年陜西省中考試題）

V. 短文填空（共10空，每空1分，計(jì)10分）

根據(jù)上下文和括號(hào)里的漢語(yǔ)提示，在下面的空白處寫出正確的單詞和短語(yǔ)，使短文意思完整。

張開) your mouth and your teeth. The healthier those teeth are, the happier you look. Why is that?

It’s 因?yàn)? your teeth are important in many ways. If you take care of them, they’ll help to take care of you. Strong, healthy teeth help you eat the right food to help you grow. They also help you speak clearly.

You can take care of your teeth by doing like these:

一日兩次) after breakfast and before bedtime. If you 午飯后) or after eating sweet cakes.

Brush all of your teeth, not just the front ones. Spend some time on the teeth along the sides and in the back.

至少) 3 minutes each time you brush.

Be sure your toothbrush is soft(柔軟的). Ask your parent to help you get a new 每三個(gè)月).

Learn how to floss(用牙線清理) your teeth, which is a very important way to keep them healthy. It feels strange when you do it at first, but soon you’ll 習(xí)

慣于) doing it. The floss gets rid of food that’s hidden between your teeth.

保持) your teeth healthy. You also need to care 許多) fruits and vegetables and drink 代替) drinks.

1. open 張開嘴的“張開”應(yīng)用open。

2. because 要回答前面why提出的問題，應(yīng)用because。

3. twice a day 這是英語(yǔ)常見的一種表示方法。

4. after lunch after之后常常跟一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，lunch可看作一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)。

5. at last 這是一個(gè)固定的短語(yǔ)

6. every three months every之后如果有大于一的數(shù)詞來修飾名詞，這個(gè)名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。又如：every three days, every four years。

7. be/ get used to 這也是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)，后接名詞或定名詞。

8. keep “keep somebody/ something +形容詞”是一個(gè)常見句型。

9. lots of / a lot of / many 這幾個(gè)限定詞都可用來修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。

10. instead of 這是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)介詞，后接名詞活動(dòng)名詞。

【滿分演練】

(1)

Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh, and do things with. Surely, there are times when we need to be 周圍). But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.

相處得好). That doesn't mean that they no longer like 3_________(互相). Most of the time 繼續(xù))being friends.

想念)

them very much. But we call them and write to them. It could be that we would even 結(jié)交新朋友）. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.

許多地方)are named after men and women who have been friendly to people in a town. （想起）these people when we go to these places.

長(zhǎng)一些)than people who don't. Why? It could be that they are happier. Being happy

helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares. If someone cares （你自己）.

(2)

Most great inventors often met with much trouble in their work. Before they could succeed, they had to overcome 數(shù)以千計(jì)的)difficulties which were put in their way. The following is one of such examples.

George Stephenson (1781~~1848), a (著名的)British inventor made the first train in 1825, using a stream engine. When he was experimenting with 在火車上), he met with troubles from the government, the newspapers and the gentlemen in the country. They said that the (噪

音)and the smoke would kill cows, horses and sheep, that the engine would burst or that the hot coals from it would set fire to their houses. People believe 他們說的話).

George Stephenson told the people that the train could go on small rails, could 裝滿) goods and passengers and that there was no great danger to them. It was a very difficult matter for him to make them believe. 然而), after some time, he was able to do it, and the first train, that was driven by George Stephenson himself proved what he had said. On the train there was a new steam engine. It was invented by him, and was proved a complete 成功).

The first day when the train ran on the rails, people along the way heard the noise of the train in the distance, and saw it running quickly to them. They thought it was a genie. They ran quickly back home for fear and closed their doors tightly. They 出來一周以后)an old woman still said that her hen had been so frightened that it hadn't laid any eggs for three days.

【練習(xí)答案】

(3)

Most of American businesses are open five days a week. American school children attend school five days a week as well.

American families usually have a weekend. The weekend is Saturday and Sunday. Over the weekend people spend their time 以許多不同的方式) . Many families enjoy weekends 3 ______(一起) . They may go shopping, go for a drive or visit friends. They may also invite friends over and 聚會(huì)) at home. Many American families participate（參加）in sports during the weekend. (跑步), biking, playing volleyball and swimming (流行)in summer. Skiing and skating are the 最喜愛的) winter sports.

Weekends are also a time for American families to work on something in their yards or in 他們的) houses. Many families plant flowers and have vegetable gardens. Some families use the weekends （粉刷）or repair their houses. 對(duì)大部分美國(guó)人來說), weekends are very busy.

(4)

Perhaps more than any other people, Americans have come to depend on their cars. The family car 一直是) a common thing 從……以來) the early twentieth century, and it has changed American life. Many people have moved 外面) of the large cities to the suburbs. Some Americans spend 每天兩小時(shí)) or more in their cars 去上班) and home again. Cars have become the (工具) of transportation for most Americans going shopping, and even going on vacations.

Americans 過去常常) like big cars, and gasoline used to be very inexpensive. Recently, 然而）, the cost of gasoline has increased, smaller cars have become （更常見）. Also foreign cars have become very common. Americans have bought Japanese and German cars. They have bought cars from several other countries as well.

(5)

Each morning a rich man found a poor man sitting on a park bench（長(zhǎng)凳）. The 看著)the big hotel in which the rich man （有一天）the rich man got out of his car and said to the poor man, "Excuse me, but I just want to know why you sit here and look at my hotel 每天早晨)." "Sir," said the poor man, "I am a failure. I have no money, 在這條長(zhǎng)凳上), and every night I dream（夢(mèng)想）that one day I'll sleep in that hotel." The rich man said, "Tonight your dream will (變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)). I'll pay for the best room in that hotel for you a whole month."

幾天以后), the rich man went by the poor man's room to ask him 使他驚訝的是), he found that the man had (搬出了)the hotel, back to his park bench. When the rich man asked why, the poor man said, "You see, when I'm down here sleeping on my bench, I dream I'm up there, (在那個(gè)大賓館里). It's a wonderful dream. But when I was up there, I dreamed I was back to this cold bench. It was a terrible 根本)."

(6)

On October 12, 1989, some Chinese scientists were working at the computers to (尋找)the information they needed. Suddenly they saw a lot of very bright spots crossing the computers’ screens. 同時(shí)), they stopped their 發(fā)現(xiàn))that most of their stored information was got rid of by computer viruses! Obviously all these computers had been infected by computer viruses.

據(jù)說)that the computer viruses were made by a group of young 教育). They created the viruses just to show their intelligence. (這種)computer viruses is 很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間). When the time comes they will attack the computers by lowering the functions, damaging their normal programs or even getting rid of all the information..

We now come to know that Jerusalem Viruses often attack computers （在星期五）and they are spreading to a lot of computers. Among the countries that suffered computer viruses are Britain, Switzerland, the US and some (其它的)countries. But till now how to get rid of the terrible viruses 仍然是)a problem.

（7）

In American high school 大多數(shù)) students take English, science, math and history.

在英語(yǔ)課堂上) , the students study grammar and read famous literature. In science class, they study biology, chemistry or physics. History is 更有趣) to some students because they learn about important events and places 在美國(guó)) . Students take courses, too. These are electives. Some study 音樂）because they feel it is more enjoyable. Some study 計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)）because they 認(rèn)為)it is more

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