短文翻譯英文翻譯篇一：英語課文翻譯自己整理版

Africa rising

非洲崛起

After decades of slow growth, Africa has a real chance to follow in the footsteps of Asia

經(jīng)歷數(shù)十年緩慢增長(zhǎng)之后，非洲真正獲得了追隨亞洲的發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)

THE shops are stacked six feet high with goods, the streets outside are jammed with customers and salespeople are sweating profusely under the onslaught. But this is not a high street during the Christmas-shopping season in the rich world. It is the Onitsha market in southern Nigeria, every day of the year. Many call it the world’s biggest. Up to 3m people go there daily to buy rice and soap, computers and construction equipment. It is a hub for traders from the Gulf of Guinea, a region blighted by

corruption, piracy, poverty and disease but also home to millions of highly motivated entrepreneurs and increasingly prosperous consumers.

譯文：

商店里堆積了六英尺高的商品，外面的大街上顧客接踵摩肩，店員們忙著接待一波又一波的客人，揮汗如雨。然而這并不是富裕國(guó)家圣誕節(jié)購(gòu)物季的大街，而是尼日尼亞南部的奧尼查市場(chǎng)，一年中每天如此。許多人稱之為世界第一大市場(chǎng)。每天有多達(dá)300萬人去那里購(gòu)買大米、肥皂、電腦和建筑設(shè)備。來自幾內(nèi)亞灣的商人都云集于此。這里腐敗猖獗，海盜橫行，窮人遍地，疾病叢生，但是這里同時(shí)又匯聚了無數(shù)活躍的企業(yè)家和愈發(fā)富裕的消費(fèi)者。 Over the past decade six of the world’s ten fastest-growing countries were African. In eight of the past ten years, Africa has grow(來自:www.91mayou.com 蒲公英文摘:短文翻譯英文翻譯)n faster than East Asia, including Japan. Even allowing for the knock-on effect of the northern hemisphere’s slowdown, the IMF expects Africa to grow by 6% this year and nearly 6% in 2012, about the same as Asia.

過去十年中，全球10個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)最快的國(guó)家中，非洲占了6席。其中有8年非洲比包含日本在內(nèi)的東亞增長(zhǎng)要快。即便考慮到北半球經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的影響，國(guó)際貨幣基金組織預(yù)測(cè)今年非洲的增速為6%，2012年將接近6%，與亞洲大致相當(dāng)。

The commodities boom is partly responsible. In 2000-08 around a quarter of Africa’s growth came from higher revenues from natural resources. Favourable demography is another cause. With fertility rates crashing in Asia and Latin America, half of the increase in population over the next 40 years will be in Africa. But the growth also has a lot to do with the manufacturing and service economies that African countries are beginning to develop. The big question is whether Africa can keep that up if demand for commodities drops.

非洲國(guó)家正在發(fā)展的制造業(yè)和服務(wù)業(yè)促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)商品交易繁榮是部分原因。從2000年至2008年，非洲增長(zhǎng)約有四分之一來自于自然資源中獲取的更高利潤(rùn)。人口優(yōu)勢(shì)則是另一原因。隨著亞洲和拉丁美洲的生育率下滑，在接下來的40年中，世界人口增長(zhǎng)有一半將來自非洲。非洲國(guó)家正在發(fā)展的制造業(yè)和服務(wù)業(yè)促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。關(guān)鍵問題在于，如果商品需求下跌，非洲還能否繼續(xù)保持增長(zhǎng)。

Copper, gold, oil—and a pinch of salt

銅，黃金、石油，須謹(jǐn)慎視之

Optimism about Africa needs to be taken in fairly small doses, for things are still exceedingly bleak in much of the continent. Most Africans live on less than two

dollars a day. Food production per person has slumped since independence in the 1960s. The average lifespan in some countries is under 50. Drought and famine persist. The climate is worsening, with deforestation and desertification still on the march.

對(duì)非洲的樂觀期許必須審慎，因?yàn)榉侵拊S多地方，情況依然讓人沮喪。大多數(shù)非洲人每天生活費(fèi)用不到2美元。自上世紀(jì)60年代獨(dú)立以來，人均糧食生產(chǎn)大幅下跌。一些國(guó)家的人均壽命不到50歲。干旱和饑荒持續(xù)存在。亂砍濫伐仍在繼續(xù)，荒漠化不斷加劇，氣候受此影響也持續(xù)惡化。

Some countries praised for their breakneck economic growth, such as Angola and Equatorial Guinea, are oil-sodden kleptocracies. Some that have begun to get

economic development right, such as Rwanda and Ethiopia, have become politically noxious. Congo, now undergoing a shoddy election, still looks barely governable and hideously corrupt. Zimbabwe is a scar on the conscience of the rest of southern Africa. South Africa, which used to be a model for the continent, is tainted with corruption; and within the ruling African National Congress there is talk of nationalising land and mines.

像安哥拉和赤道幾內(nèi)亞這樣的一些國(guó)家以經(jīng)濟(jì)高速增長(zhǎng)著稱。這些國(guó)家石油資源豐富，但是盜賊統(tǒng)治。一些國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展開始步入正軌，如盧旺達(dá)和埃塞俄比亞，政治體制上卻是不健全的。剛果現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行虛假的大選，看上去依然無法管理、腐敗叢生。津巴布韋是余下的南部非洲良心上的一道傷疤。南非曾是非洲的模范，現(xiàn)在也沾染了腐敗，執(zhí)政的非洲國(guó)民大會(huì)正對(duì)土地和礦藏國(guó)家化進(jìn)行討論。

Yet against that depressingly familiar backdrop, some fundamental numbers are moving in the right direction. Africa now has a fast-growing middle class: according to the World Bank, around 60m Africans have an income of $3,000 a year, and 100m will in 2015. The rate of foreign investment has soared around tenfold in the past decade.

然而在這讓人郁悶的熟悉背景之下，一些基本數(shù)據(jù)在朝好的方向發(fā)展。非洲現(xiàn)有一個(gè)快速增長(zhǎng)的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)：根據(jù)世界銀行的數(shù)字，大約有6000萬非洲人的年收入有3000美元，2015年的這一人口數(shù)字為1億。外國(guó)投資的速度在過去十年中增加了10倍左右。

China’s arrival has improved Africa’s infrastructure and boosted its manufacturing sector. Other non-Western countries, from Brazil and Turkey to Malaysia and India, are following its lead. Africa could break into the global market for light

manufacturing and services such as call centres. Cross-border commerce, long suppressed by political rivalry, is growing, as tariffs fall and barriers to trade are dismantled.

中國(guó)的到來改善了非洲的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，增強(qiáng)了其制造業(yè)。其他一些非西方國(guó)家，從巴西到土耳其，從馬來西亞到印度，正追隨其后。非洲將會(huì)進(jìn)入全球輕工業(yè)市場(chǎng)以及如話務(wù)中心這樣的服務(wù)業(yè)。隨著關(guān)稅降低、壁壘解除，長(zhǎng)期因政治敵對(duì)而被抑制的跨國(guó)商業(yè)得以發(fā)展。 Africa‘s enthusiasm for technology is boosting growth. It has more than 600m mobile-phone users—more than America or Europe. Since roads are generally

dreadful, advances in communications, with mobile banking and telephonic agro-info, have been a huge boon. Around a tenth of Africa’s land mass is covered by mobile-internet services—a higher proportion than in India. The health of many millions of Africans has also improved, thanks in part to the wider distribution of

mosquito nets and the gradual easing of the ravages of HIV/AIDS. Skills are improving: productivity is growing by nearly 3% a year, compared with 2.3% in America.

非洲對(duì)技術(shù)的熱情促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)。非洲共有6億移動(dòng)電話用戶，這一數(shù)字要比美國(guó)或歐洲都多。由于道路總體上比較糟糕，通訊上的進(jìn)步——如移動(dòng)銀行的流行和可從電話上獲取農(nóng)業(yè)信息，給生活帶來了極大的便利。移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)施覆蓋了非洲大陸約十分之一的面——這一比例比印度要高。數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的非洲人的身體健康同樣得到改善，部分是由于蚊帳的廣泛分發(fā)，以及艾滋造成的破壞慢慢減輕。技術(shù)也在進(jìn)步：生產(chǎn)率每年以3% 的速率增長(zhǎng)，與之相比，美國(guó)的這一速率為2.3%。

All this is happening partly because Africa is at last getting a taste of peace and decent government. For three decades after African countries threw off their colonial

shackles, not a single one (bar the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius) peacefully ousted a government or president at the ballot box. But since Benin set the mainland trend in 1991, it has happened more than 30 times—far more often than in the Arab world. 以上這些之所以得以正在發(fā)生， 部分原因是非洲終于能夠初嘗和平和較好政府的甜頭了。非洲國(guó)家擺脫殖民鐐銬之后的三十年， 從來沒有一個(gè)國(guó)家（除了印度洋里的毛里求斯島國(guó)）是通過投票箱和平地罷免一屆政府或總統(tǒng)。不過自從貝寧在1991年和平罷免其政府， 從而開啟了非洲大陸的先例后，和平罷免在非洲已經(jīng)上演了30多次——遠(yuǎn)比阿拉伯世界要多。 Population trends could enhance these promising developments. A bulge of

better-educated young people of working age is entering the job market and birth rates are beginning to decline. As the proportion of working-age people to dependents rises, growth should get a boost. Asia enjoyed such a “demographic dividend”, which began three decades ago and is now tailing off. In Africa it is just starting.

人口趨勢(shì)提升了這種有前途的發(fā)展。更多的受過較好教育的達(dá)到工作年齡的年輕人進(jìn)入職場(chǎng)，出生率開始下降。隨著工作年齡人口與依賴者比例上升，應(yīng)會(huì)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。亞洲享受了始于三十年前―人口紅利‖，現(xiàn)已至尾聲。而非洲則剛剛上路。

Having a lot of young adults is good for any country if its economy is thriving, but if jobs are in short supply it can lead to frustration and violence. Whether Africa’s demography brings a dividend or disaster is largely up to its governments.

對(duì)任何國(guó)家來說，如果經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮，那么青壯年越多越好。但是如果工作崗位不足，則會(huì)導(dǎo)致挫折和暴力。非洲的人口會(huì)帶來紅利還是災(zāi)難，很大程度上取決于各國(guó)政府。

More trade than aid

要援助，更要貿(mào)易

Africa still needs deep reform. Governments should make it easier to start businesses and cut some taxes and collect honestly the ones they impose. Land needs to be taken out of communal ownership and title handed over to individual farmers so that they can get credit and expand. And, most of all, politicians need to keep their noses out of the trough and to leave power when their voters tell them to.

非洲依然需要深化改革。政府需要降低經(jīng)商門檻，削減部分稅收，誠(chéng)實(shí)征收稅費(fèi)。土地公共所有權(quán)需要被廢除，并將所有權(quán)賦予農(nóng)民個(gè)人，那樣農(nóng)民才可以借貸和擴(kuò)張。而最重要的是，政客們需要廉潔自律，一旦選民要求，就得離職。

Western governments should open up to trade rather than just dish out aid. America’s African Growth and Opportunity Act, which lowered tariff barriers for many goods, is a good start, but it needs to be widened and copied by other nations. Foreign investors

should sign the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative, which would let Africans see what foreign companies pay for licences to exploit natural resources. African governments should insist on total openness in the deals they strike with foreign companies and governments.

西方政府應(yīng)該敞開貿(mào)易大門，而非僅僅施以援助。美國(guó)的《非洲增長(zhǎng)和機(jī)會(huì)法》降低了多宗商品的關(guān)稅壁壘，這是一個(gè)好的開端，但是需要加以擴(kuò)大并讓其他國(guó)家效仿。西方投資者應(yīng)該簽署《采掘行業(yè)透明度行動(dòng)計(jì)劃》，從而讓非洲人了解是哪些外國(guó)公司花錢注冊(cè)來開采他們的自然資源。非洲政府在與外國(guó)公司和政府交易過程，應(yīng)當(dāng)堅(jiān)持完全公開。

Autocracy, corruption and strife will not disappear overnight. But at a dark time for the world economy, Africa’s progress is a reminder of the transformative promise of growth.

An unpalatable solution不被認(rèn)可的解決辦法 Eurobonds could restore confidence, but at a cost

歐元債券也許能重建信心，但亦要付出代價(jià)

WITH alarming speed, Europe’s debt crisis has spread this summer from small countries such as Greece on the rim of the single-currency area to large economies such as Italy at its heart. The European Central Bank (ECB) has restored calm in Italian and Spanish government-bond markets for the moment by making big purchases of their debt. But such bond-buying is a temporary palliative. Many are now calling for a more fundamental solution to the crisis: the issue of “Eurobonds” in order to provide a fiscal underpinning to the shaky monetary union.

今年夏天，債務(wù)危機(jī)以驚人的速度從歐洲一些小國(guó)家漫延到其主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體，從單一貨幣區(qū)外圍國(guó)家希臘到歐洲核心經(jīng)濟(jì)體——意大利。歐洲央行(European Central Bank)大量購(gòu)買意大利和西班牙的國(guó)債，暫時(shí)緩解市場(chǎng)的焦慮。但是買入國(guó)債只是暫時(shí)的紓困手段。當(dāng)下人們呼吁更加徹底的解決方案：發(fā)行―歐元債券‖，融合歐元區(qū)財(cái)政以支持搖搖欲墜的貨幣聯(lián)盟。 These Eurobonds are not to be confused with their namesakes invented in the early 1960s, when bankers severed the link between currency and country of issuance by helping international borrowers sell dollar-denominated bonds in London. What

advocates of new-style Eurobonds have in mind for the euro area would be even more far-reaching: they wish to sever the link between the creditworthiness of a country and its cost of borrowing. The 17 member states of the single-currency area would be able to borrow in bonds issued by a European debt agency. These would be jointly guaranteed by all euro-area countries and thus underwritten in particular by the most creditworthy of them—above all, Germany, because of its economic clout and top-notch credit rating.

這次提出的歐元債券和上世紀(jì)60年代發(fā)行的歐洲債券不一樣。當(dāng)時(shí)銀行家們?yōu)榱藥椭鷩?guó)際賣家能夠在倫敦出售美元計(jì)值的債券，允許其發(fā)行非本國(guó)流通貨幣的票面幣值債券。今天歐元債券的支持者對(duì)歐元區(qū)的設(shè)想則更進(jìn)一步：他們希望融資成本不與國(guó)家的償付能力掛鉤。這樣歐元區(qū)各成員國(guó)就能通過發(fā)行統(tǒng)一債券融資。這些債券由歐元區(qū)國(guó)家聯(lián)合擔(dān)保，尤其是信譽(yù)良好的國(guó)家——德國(guó)，因?yàn)樗��?jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)最好，信用評(píng)級(jí)最高。

An underlying rationale for Eurobonds is that the public finances of the euro area as a whole look quite respectable, at least compared with those of other big rich economies. The IMF envisages that general government debt will reach 88% of the

single-currency zone’s GDP this year. This is lower than America’s 98% and not much higher than Britain’s 83%. The euro area’s projected budget deficit will be a bit above 4% of GDP, better than America’s 10% and Britain’s 8.5%. Neither

America—despite the recent downgrade of its debt by a rating agency—nor Britain has been subject to adebilitating loss of confidence. This suggests that pooling debt could indeed put an end to the euro crisis.

歐元債券的潛在存在根據(jù)是：歐元區(qū)公共財(cái)政融合成為一個(gè)整體會(huì)更重要，至少會(huì)被其他大而富有的經(jīng)濟(jì)體更重視。國(guó)際貨幣組織(IMF)預(yù)測(cè)今年歐元區(qū)政府債務(wù)會(huì)占其國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)的88%。低于美國(guó)——98%，略高于英國(guó)——83%。歐元區(qū)的預(yù)算赤字將會(huì)略高于GDP的4%，這比美國(guó)的10%，英國(guó)的8.5%好很多。英美的情況看起來更糟糕，甚至美國(guó)的信用評(píng)級(jí)最近還被降級(jí)了，但他們?nèi)匀粵]有喪失信心。這意味著債務(wù)聚合會(huì)結(jié)束歐元危機(jī)。 The successive waves of market attacks on countries have exposed an inherent fragility of a monetary union of states in which each stands behind its own debt but with the usual escape routes of devaluation and inflation no longer available. If investors lose confidence in a country’s fiscal prospects, their fear can become self-fulfilling by pushing up bond yields to unsustainable levels. The ECB

can soothe markets by buying bonds, but beyond a certain point such purchases threaten its independence. By pooling risk, Eurobonds could be a more durable

counter to such destabilising liquidity crises, argues Paul De Grauwe, an economist at the Catholic University of Leuven, in Belgium.

而現(xiàn)在歐元區(qū)各成員國(guó)獨(dú)立應(yīng)付自己的債務(wù)，面對(duì)貨幣貶值、通貨膨脹束手無策，在市場(chǎng)不斷施壓的情況下，清晰地暴露出歐元區(qū)固有的脆弱。如果投資者對(duì)一個(gè)國(guó)家的財(cái)政預(yù)期失去信心，這種消極預(yù)期會(huì)推高其國(guó)債收益率，直至預(yù)期變成現(xiàn)實(shí)。盡管購(gòu)買國(guó)債券可以暫時(shí)緩解市場(chǎng)壓力，可一旦突破臨界點(diǎn)，之前購(gòu)買的國(guó)債券會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響歐洲央行(ECB)的獨(dú)立性。因此通過風(fēng)險(xiǎn)聚合，歐元債券是應(yīng)對(duì)流動(dòng)性危機(jī)有力手段，比利時(shí)天主教魯汶大學(xué)（Catholic University of Leuven） 的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家保羅?德?格勞威（Paul De Grauwe）說。

Another reason to introduce Eurobonds is that the existing defences drawn up to contain the crisis are starting to look too flimsy. The European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), the rescue fund set up last year, is due to have

China’s economy Five myths about china’s economy

中國(guó)30年的驚人經(jīng)濟(jì)崛起是這個(gè)時(shí)代最大的話題之一。其變化發(fā)生之快，使得人們對(duì)于美國(guó)以及世界面對(duì)中國(guó)所帶來的挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇產(chǎn)生了大量傳說和誤解：

1.中國(guó)將會(huì)迅速超越美國(guó)，成為世界上最強(qiáng)大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體

根據(jù)PEW研究中心一份11月份的民意調(diào)查，44%的美國(guó)人認(rèn)為中國(guó)已經(jīng)是世界第一經(jīng)濟(jì)大國(guó)，而27%的人把美國(guó)是排在第一位置。這種觀點(diǎn)與事實(shí)完全相悖。今年，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)計(jì)將生產(chǎn)萬億美元的商品和服務(wù)，將使其超越日本成為世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)家，但這仍然將只是美國(guó)14萬億經(jīng)濟(jì)總量的三分之一，并且遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于如果作為一個(gè)整體看待的歐盟。 中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)之所以如此強(qiáng)大的原因之一就是它的13億人口。但是中國(guó)人均GDP只有美國(guó)水平的1/7。而在家庭生活水平方面，中國(guó)落后得更多。每年，一個(gè)普通中國(guó)家庭消費(fèi)的商品和服務(wù)總價(jià)值僅相當(dāng)于普通美國(guó)家庭購(gòu)買量的十四分之一。

短文翻譯英文翻譯篇二：短文翻譯

When we look at famous people, especially movie stars, their glamorous lives seem far removed from anything average people experience in their lives. Yet, a deep passion and commitment to their dream is a common thread that runs through each of their stories.

Another common thread many of them share is using their celebrity and fame to focus attention and resources on the world’s citizens and populations. Indeed, they often exhibit, in differing ways, personality traits that deserve our admiration and applause.

當(dāng)我們看到名人，尤其是電影明星時(shí)，他們迷人富有魅力的生活似乎遠(yuǎn)離任何普通人的生活經(jīng)歷。然而,激情和對(duì)夢(mèng)想的承諾是一條主線,貫穿他們的每一個(gè)故事。他們共享的另一個(gè)常見的主線，是利用他們?cè)谑澜绶秶�公民和人群中的名望和影響力資源。事實(shí)上,他們經(jīng)常在不同方面表現(xiàn)出的人格特質(zhì),都值得我們的欽佩和掌聲。

短文翻譯英文翻譯篇三：短文翻譯

(1)Mom-Lu’s one story frame house, with front yard garden and backyard chickens, was fenced in with chicken wire. (2)There was an old rusty iron gate at her front walk that leaned over crookedly. (3)Inside, her house looked just like she said it would: Two rockers and a folding chair were positioned about her potbellied stove that set in the center of her living room. (4)At far end of the room, there was an upholstered couch, a bench and a floorlamp near the door leading out into the kitchen. (5)She showed me my room which was along a small hall off the kitchen near the backdoor. (6) Then, Mom-Lu poured two tiny glasses, half-full, of the dandelion wine she’d made.

(7) “Welcome home.” She said. (8)We clicked our glasses. (9)It was the first sip of wine I ever tasted. (10)We sat down at the kitchen table for our first meal, together, of spoonbread chicken and greens, with candied yams and butter beans in separate side dishes.

(11)My room, at first, was just a pantry closet there in the small hall off the kitchen. (12)The shelves were removed from the walls and an opening was made in the wall of the house, for window, so light could fall into the room. (13)The closet already had a door. (14)Inside, I had a daybed with two pillows on it, a mirror on the wall, a small rug lying on the floor, and a boy’s worktable and chair there at my window facing the sideyard. (15)I couldn’t imagine how everything fit into my room like that. (16)But, it looked terrific! (17)It was my favorite spot in the house.

露媽媽的房子是一層樓的，木結(jié)構(gòu)，四周圍著雞爪般的籬笆，前面是花園，后面是雞舍。她走在前面，只見前面有一扇銹跡斑斑的鐵門，鐵門彎曲而傾斜。房子里面跟她說的一樣：有兩張搖椅，一把折疊椅，擺放在起居室中央的大肚暖爐周圍。房間的另一端，有一個(gè)裝飾過的長(zhǎng)沙發(fā)，一條長(zhǎng)凳，還有一個(gè)落地臺(tái)燈，臺(tái)燈旁邊是一個(gè)門，通向廚房。她帶我看了看我的房間，房間在一個(gè)小廳前，小廳過去就是后門，后門通向雞舍。接著，露媽媽拿出兩個(gè)小玻璃杯，倒上半杯蒲公英酒，酒是她自釀的�！皻g迎回家�！彼�拿起酒杯說道，說著就和我碰起了杯。那是我第一次沾酒。接著，我們一起在餐桌上吃飯，這可是我們?cè)谝黄鸪缘牡谝徊�，有湯食面包、雞肉、蔬菜，還有拔絲蘋果，奶油豆等附加菜，各一份。

我的房間最初只是餐具室，位于廚房和小廳之間。室內(nèi)墻壁上隔板拆除掉了，屋墻開了個(gè)洞，做窗戶用，這樣陽光就可以照進(jìn)來了。餐具室本來就有門。室內(nèi)有一張坐臥兩用長(zhǎng)沙發(fā)，上面有兩個(gè)枕頭，墻上掛有鏡子，地上鋪有一張小地毯，窗戶靠近側(cè)院，窗前有一套兒童專用桌椅。我沒想到，房間里，一切都布置得那樣得當(dāng)。布置得太好了，這可是整個(gè)房子中我最喜歡的地方。

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