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“(lin)벢ُɣ£͡Уõһģ͡ “(lin)벢ُIBMPCI(y)(w)

l(f)rg:2020-02-16 Դ: ժ c(din)

ժҪ:“(lin)벢ُIBM PCI(y)(w)ġʽُ,ćLԇòՓķM(jn)зͽጡĘ(gu)һģ,ԇDf@βُIBMԼ“(lin)IJُxͨ^F(xin)(sh)ı^,ģ͵õ֧ĴС^P(gun)ϵY(ji)IBMx,“(lin)(zhn)Ya(chn)Ļa(b)Ч(yng),cһ(qing)PC^ĸُЄٳ
P(gun)I~:X;ُ;;ģ
ЈD̖:F271 īI(xin)(bio)Ra:A

2004128,Ї“(lin)12.5|ԪF(xin)ӹƱȫPُIBMXI(y)(w)Ϣһ,ռI(lng)˂ý^^l,qƽ@,˸һЇI(y)󡱵ġԒ,һҹ֮gQ
@βُ,M(jn)н,NՓṩ˲ͬĴ,^LJHͶYՓHՓͲُՓ^,@ЩՓǏijһĽǶȳl(f),M(jn)ІwQ߷,P(gun)ɷ໥Ӱ,෽,]M(jn)ЧĽ@,ČòՓķ,һģ́@ُ,ĶõһN෽ʽc

һՓ

Փ(Game Theory),оQwОl(f)ֱ໥ÕrěQԼ@NQߵľ↖}һJ(rn),Փ_ʼ1944T•Z(Von Neumann)Ħ˹̹(Morgenstern)ġՓc(jng)(j)О顷(dng)r,ՓJ(rn)ڔ(sh)W(xu)I(lng)һֱo(j)70,Sa(chn)I(y)MՓd,ՓеҪ,V˽(jng)(j)W(xu)I(lng),ɴM(jn)뵽ĹW(xu)I(lng)
mȻՓڽ(jng)(j)I(lng)l(f)չĕrgL,䏊(qing),ѽ(jng)(jng)(j)I(lng)a(chn)˾޴Ӱ푡F(xin)W΢^(jng)(j)W(xu)Լa(chn)I(y)MՓĽ̿ƕ,ԲՓāڲՓx,(jng)(j)W(xu)(Jean Tirole)ʾA(y)ʹ^(jng)(j)W(xu)l(f)һ,ՓVh(yun)ĸ׃˽(jng)(j)W(xu)ҵ˼S
ՓF(xin)ѽ(jng)ڽ(jng)(j)I(lng)˺ܴđ(yng)dȤ,DzՓṩһNӵҕ,[Ó˂y(tng)wҕ໥õı׶,Ķṩ˺ܶdzнO(sh)Եҕ\(yn)òՓķ,҂ԵõІʾԵĽY(ji)Փ

ģ͵Ľ

“(lin)IBM PCTIJُ{(ln),҂һģ́M(jn)з“(lin)IBM PCTُļ(x)(ji),ڴ˲,Čģ͵Ľͷ
(һ)ĵąc(Player)
҂ķ,ڷ,҂ģO(sh)c,“(lin)(ºQLenovo,(bio)̖L),Ҳ҇I(y)Ĵ;IBM PC˜I(y)(ºQIBM,(bio)̖I),l(f)_(d)ҝڲُĴ;(ºQHP,(bio)̖H),l(f)_(d)ҝڸُߵĴI(y)Ƿ˼O(sh),Ŀĺx(bio)(zhn)Œ(sh),҂@ķ֞ɂA:IBMQ,ȻLenovoHPһQ
@ﲢfPCЈֻ@,@͵ĸ,ͿԴ톖}ı|(zh),(jng)(j)W(xu)ģеһS̺һM(fi),ڴ˔U(ku)չĸҲǿԵ
()c˵IJ(Strategy)
ݸIBM,Ѓɂ,(S)򲻳(NS)ЇI(y)Lenovo,ҲЃɂ,ُ(B)򲻸ُ(NB)ڏ(qing)ݸHP,Ҳ鸂ُ(B)򲻸ُ(NB)IBMxPCT,߀Dzһ,tLenovoHPͬrQǷُ
()c˵֧(Payoff)
҂ֻоُěQ,rP(gun)עُČ(sh)H,҂ĸʾ֧׃,ֻM(jn)ЛQǰ֧^,ĶõُQߵĽ
RIRLRH:քeIBMLenovoHPڲُǰ
C:ʾُăr,wF(xin)鸂ُؔ(w)ɱ,ͬrҲdz۷档
PL:“(lin)벢ُđ(zhn)Ya(chn),͑P(gun)ϵg(sh)Ʒ@ЩoYa(chn),ܽoI(y)δĝ档ͬ,҂PHʾHPIJُđ(zhn)Ya(chn)
()һЩrfO(sh)
ڲIJͬԽMϵIJͬ(yng)֧M,҂oµһЩO(sh)ͷ:һ,(dng)IBMx񲻳ەr,߮(dng)IBMxۡLenovoHPx񲻸ُr,߸ݑB(ti)׃,֧fRIRLRHڶ,̎ڷķ,҂@r](f)rr҂O(sh)ΨһIJُrC,(dng)LenovoHPُr,HPIBMͬI(y),HPA֧,ĶͬӵĈrCЫ@١
()@Щ,γ²Ę


ĵķ

@,@һϲ,ɂA:һAIBMxǷԼPCT,tĽY(ji)ڶAx,tLenovoHPM(jn)ͬrQߵoB(ti),xcُ߀Dzc҂Ŀ,ϣҵ@ĵľԼY(ji),ղģ͵M(jn),l(f)ʲô
ղĵĵͽⷨ,҂w{,QƷ,֪ηNY(ji)F(xin)оIBMxۺ@Ӳ,ӵһY(ji)
(һ)Lenovoķ
Lenovo,xُ,t(yng)֧քeRL(HPُr)RL+PL+RI -C(HPُr)x񲻸ُ,t(yng)֧RL,oՓHPǷُԭ҂ѽ(jng),o(h)ԭ,ͬI(y)HPAø,@](f)rĆ}
LenovoxQ֧ĴС,P(gun)IRL+PL+RI -CRL^,Ҳf,^PL+RI -C0P(gun)ϵPL+RI -C>0,t“(lin)xُ䃞(yu)ݲ;PL+RI -C ,@Ƕ҂J(rn),Lenovo,PL,ҕdzmȻ丂ُrCIBMČ(sh)Hؔ(w)RI,@ܴđ(zhn)Ya(chn)a(b)Ч(yng),PL+RI -C>0,Lenovo,ُ䃞(yu)ݲҲf,“(lin)xcُ,oՓHPǷc
()HPķ
LenovoxԸُ,Br,HPěQ߾DZ^Lenovoُ,ԼɷNԵ֧,RH+PH+ RI -CRHĴСҲf,҂Ҫ:
UH-B-UH-NB=RH+PH+ RI -C-RH =PH+ RI -C
,tُ(yu);С,tُ(yu);tɷNԟo^(q)e
҂߀ǁ]PH,HPُIBMđ(zhn)Ya(chn)xͬI(y),ͬӶλи߶Ј,@ȻHPIBMЈغ϶Ⱥܸ,͑P(gun)ϵđ(zhn)xǺܴ,HPͬһғƾR&Dļg(sh)͹˾,PCg(sh)ͬӺ܏(qing),ُIBM PCTмg(sh)ϵĎ,@Na(b)Կ϶h(yun)g(sh)A(ch)“(lin)҂J(rn)PHmȻ,Ǻܴ
}ؓ(f)(sh)CڌLenovoķ,҂ѽ(jng)v,丂ُđ(zhn)Ya(chn)xܴƔ,Lenovo܉ܴܺIJُr,@ͨ^(zhn)Ya(chn)ľ~폛a(b),mȻ҂]п]rC(j),@LenovorˮƽCӆ^@HPf,ζُijɱஔ(dng)?sh)Ĵ?HPIBM(zhn)Ya(chn)ě_ͻ,oͨ^ُĻa(b)C(j)Ɓ폛a(b)@Ndzڮ(dng)HPcCompaqĺϲ,ɂλcҎ(gu)ģஔ(dng)?sh)PCI(y)ϲ,(ni)Ĵڻa(b),Ժϲ(sh)g,HPıF(xin)ʧ
ͨ^PHCķ,҂J(rn),UH-B-UH-NB= PH+ RI -CCr,IBMx񲻳
Y(ji)ϬF(xin)(sh)҂֪,IBM˕rPCTLJ(yn)̝p,Ҳf,ؓ(f)IBM(jng)^{(dio),PCTf]ɫY@ʾ,2004630,IBMPCI(y)(w)Ӌ̝p_(d)9.73|ԪIBM˾ʾ:PCI(y)(w)B̝p,I\(yn)Yؓ(f)ֵ܉㏊(qing)S,هIBMm(x)Y֧
܉ͨ^PCT@һPSԒ,IBMfoǂýY(ji)֡ͬr,PCTҲIBMĺļg(sh),۲ӰRI

P(gun)~ ُ “(lin)벢ُɣ£͡Уõһģ “(lin)벢ُibm pcI(y)(w) “(lin)벢ُibmpcI(y)(w)

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