中考短文填空技巧篇一：中考英語短文填空及其解題方法 1

短文填空及其解題方法

短文填空這種題型通常有四種形式：

1、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個單詞，讓考生根據(jù)上下文填上所缺的單詞。

2、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個單詞，但給出這些單詞的第一個字母，讓考生根據(jù)短文的上下文的意思和所給的提示字母，填上所缺的單詞。

3、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個單詞，同時在一個方框內(nèi)給出一些單詞，讓考生根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容，把這些單詞填入空白處，使文章正確、通順。

4、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個單詞或短語，同時給出這些單詞或短語的漢語意思，讓考生根據(jù)短文的上下文和所給漢語的提示，填上適當?shù)膯卧~或短語。陜西省的短文填空題采用的基本上是第四種形式。

這種題型考查的是考生的整體閱讀能力、基礎(chǔ)語法的運用能力和書面表述能力，特別是單詞和短語的拼寫能力。它是介于閱讀理解和書面表達之間的一種題型。

1、從文體上看，議論文和敘事文為主。

2002年陜西省的短文填空題所給的短文是一篇論說文，論說的主題是：只有母親的愛是真正的愛。2003年的中考說明樣題所給的短文是一篇敘事文。講述的是圣誕節(jié)的情況。2003年的中考題中的短文填空題也是一篇敘事文。講述的是主題是因特網(wǎng)的歷史。2004年是一篇論說文。

2、從填空的內(nèi)容上看，以詞組和短語為主。

2002年短文填空題共有10個空，其中6個空填的是詞組和短語。2003年中考說明中短文填空題共有10個空，其中7個空填的是詞組和短語。2003年中考題中的短文填空題共有10個空，其中5個空填的是詞組和短語。2004年的短文填空題10個空中有6個是詞組和短語。也就是說短文填空題要填的詞組和短語總體上保持在5-7個。

3、從考查的范圍上看，以英語的一些特殊用法為主。

2002年的短文填空題考到了enough作副詞，放在被修飾詞之后的用法，考到了“with+名詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語的用法。2003年中考說明中的短文填空題又一次出現(xiàn)了“with+名詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語用法。2003年中考題的短文填空題考查了something wrong這樣的形容詞后置的特殊用法。2004年的短文填空題考查了twice a day 這樣的特殊表示方式。

4、從所留的空白上看，以給出漢語提示為主。

2003年中考說明的短文填空題共留出10個空白，其中8處給出了漢語提示，2處沒有任何提示。2003年中考的短文填空題同樣是10個空白，全部給出了漢語提示。2004年10個空白全部給了漢語提示。

【名師解難】

做好短文填空題要求考生具備堅實的語法基礎(chǔ)，理解文章大意和主旨的能力，牢固掌握英語的習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配，熟記英語單詞的拼寫。做短文填空可以從以下幾個方面著手：

1、從語法方面考慮

短文填空題所涉及的語法內(nèi)容通常包括：名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、形容詞和副詞的比較等級、主謂一致、動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)、介詞和連詞的選用等。例如2003年中考的短文填空題的第一個空：“Most of us 1 (忙于)talking about and using the Internet every day….” 在這里，用英語表示“忙于”不僅要用busy, busy之前還要加be, 而be還要和主語most of us保持一致，變成are。再如2004年中考題中的第7個空，but soon you’ll 7 _____(習(xí)慣于) doing it. “習(xí)慣于”必須用be / get used to, 因為這個短語用在一般將來時中，在助動詞之后。

2、從習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配方面考慮

如上所說，陜西省的短文填空以詞組和短語為主，而詞組和短語必然會涉及到很多習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配。例如2003年中考說明短文填空的第8個空：“ 8 （在圣誕夜）children are very happy.” 用英語表示“在圣誕夜”必須用On Christmas Eve。因為在“某一天的晚上”習(xí)慣上用介詞on。2004年考題中的第5個空就是一個固定搭配---at least。

3、從上下文的結(jié)構(gòu)方面考慮

有的空白必須根據(jù)上下文的結(jié)構(gòu)才能判斷應(yīng)該填什麼樣的單詞或短語。例如2003年考試說明短文填空的第9個空：They put their stocking at the end of their beds 9 their parents can put presents in them.從上下文文我們可以看出，他們把他們的長筒襪放在床頭上是為了讓他們的父母親能夠把禮物放在里面。以此判斷，后面的句子應(yīng)是一個目的狀語從句。因此，應(yīng)填so that。再看2004年的10個空代替) drinks. 這個句子中已經(jīng)有了謂語動詞eat 和drink, 代替就不能再用動詞，而需用一個介詞instead of。

【中考范例】

（2004年陜西省中考試題）

V. 短文填空（共10空，每空1分，計10分）

根據(jù)上下文和括號里的漢語提示，在下面的空白處寫出正確的單詞和短語，使短文意思完整。

張開) your mouth and your teeth. The healthier those teeth are, the happier you look. Why is that?

It’s 因為) your teeth are important in many ways. If you take care of them, they’ll help to take care of you. Strong, healthy teeth help you eat the right food to help you grow. They also help you speak clearly.

You can take care of your teeth by doing like these:

一日兩次午飯后) or after eating sweet cakes.

Brush all of your teeth, not just the front ones. Spend some time on the teeth along the sides and in the back.

至少) 3 minutes each time you brush. Be sure your toothbrush is soft(柔軟的每三個月).

Learn how to floss(用牙線清理) your teeth, which is a very important way to keep them

healthy. It feels strange when you do it at first, but soon you’ll 習(xí)慣于) doing it. The floss gets rid of food that’s hidden between your teeth.

保持) your teeth healthy. You also need to care about what 許多代替) drinks.

1. open 張開嘴的“張開”應(yīng)用open。

2. because 要回答前面why提出的問題，應(yīng)用because。

3. twice a day 這是英語常見的一種表示方法。

4. after lunch after之后常常跟一個時間點，lunch可看作一個時間點。

5. at last 這是一個固定的短語

6. every three months every之后如果有大于一的數(shù)詞來修飾名詞，這個名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。又如：every three days, every four years。

7. be/ get used to 這也是一個習(xí)慣用語，后接名詞或定名詞。

8. keep “keep somebody/ something +形容詞”是一個常見句型。

9. lots of / a lot of / many 這幾個限定詞都可用來修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。

10. instead of 這是一個短語介詞，后接名詞活動名詞。

【滿分演練】

(1)

Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh, and do things with. Surely, there are times when we need to be alone. We don't always want 周圍). But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend. 相處得好). That 互相). Most of the time they will make up and 繼續(xù))being friends. 想念) them very much. But we call them and write to them. It could be that we would even see them again. And we can 結(jié)交新朋友）. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them. 許多地方)are named after men and women who have been friendly to people in a town. Some libraries are （想起）these people when we go to these places. 長一些)than people who don't. Why? It could be that they are happier. Being happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares. If someone cares about you, you take better care of （你自己）.

(2)

Most great inventors often met with much trouble in their work. Before they could succeed, they had to overcome 數(shù)以千計的)difficulties which were put in their way. The following is one of such examples.

George Stephenson (1781~~1848), a (著名的)British inventor made the first 在火車上), he met with troubles from the government, the newspapers and the gentlemen in the 噪音)and the smoke would kill cows, horses and sheep, that the engine would burst or that the hot coals from it would set fire to their houses. People 他們說的話).

George Stephenson told the people that the train could go on small rails, could pull carriages 裝滿) goods and passengers and that there was no great danger to them. It was a very 然而), after some time, he was able to do it, and the first train, that was driven by George Stephenson himself proved what he had said. On the train there was a new steam engine. It was invented by him, and was proved a complete 成功).

The first day when the train ran on the rails, people along the way heard the noise of the train in the distance, and saw it running quickly to them. They thought it was a genie. They ran quickly 出來)until it 一周以后)an old woman still said that her hen had been so frightened that it hadn't laid any eggs for three days.

【練習(xí)答案】

(3)

Most of American businesses are open five days a week. American school children attend

中考短文填空技巧篇二：初中英語短文填空技巧

初中難點之短文填空技巧

1. 首先要確定時態(tài)，根據(jù)文章中的動詞形式和時間短語來確定，以備填寫單詞的形式用。

2. 第二，培養(yǎng)一個意識，就是固定搭配，比如看見between就要想到與之關(guān)聯(lián)的搭配and等等。

3. 第三，要有上下文意識，前邊出現(xiàn)了easy，那么后邊可能是easy的同義詞not difficult或者反義詞difficult，要根據(jù)文章的意思來確定。

4. 第四，要有連詞的意識，看見but要想到是與以前的相反，讓填寫反義詞；看到and要想到要讓填寫并列詞，即詞性，比較級或最高級等等，要填一致的。

5. 第五，要有邏輯意識，把自己置身文章中，想想自己該怎么辦，根據(jù)作者的語氣，褒義詞貶義詞，猜測作者的意圖，然后就填寫完畢。

判斷連詞填什么，如so，because，but，however等，要看前后兩句的邏輯關(guān)系，是因果還是遞進還是并列等等，正推推不出就反推，看看前邊的東西會給后邊的句子帶來什么。

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6.

中考短文填空技巧篇三：2015廣東中考專題_短文填詞做題技巧

廣東中考英語短文填詞做題技巧

一．解題思路(轉(zhuǎn) 載 于:www.91mayou.com 蒲 公英文 摘:中考短文填空技巧)：

1．定意：通讀全文，了解大意。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生到整篇文章中去尋找需要的信息的能力。

2．定性：分析句子的句法結(jié)構(gòu)，確定詞性。

3．定形：分析句子的時態(tài)、語態(tài)，和句法結(jié)構(gòu)來確定用詞形式。

二．易考詞性出現(xiàn)背景：

1. 名詞1）名詞出現(xiàn)的背景 動詞后作賓語、介詞后作賓語、冠詞之后、數(shù)詞之后

2）名詞詞形技巧：主要考慮名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)及其所有格形式。

2. 動詞1） 動詞出現(xiàn)的背景 主賓或介賓之間的動詞．be動詞后的動詞：進行時與被動

語態(tài)；情態(tài)動詞之后缺動詞；并列關(guān)系中的動詞；主謂分離后的謂語動詞形

式；分詞后置作定語：過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。

2）動詞詞形技巧： 主要考慮是要填動詞的謂語形式(原形、第三人稱單數(shù)、

過去式、現(xiàn)在分詞及其過去分詞形式。)還是填動詞的非謂語形式(不定式，

現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞)

3. 形容詞 1） 形容詞出現(xiàn)的背景 作表語、作定語、用在某些動詞后作賓語補足語

2）形容詞詞形技巧： 主要考慮形容詞原形、比較級、最高級形式。

4. 副詞 1）副詞出現(xiàn)的背景 A．句首

B．在含有助動詞與實義動詞構(gòu)成的時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)之間

C．在動賓結(jié)構(gòu)之后或系表結(jié)構(gòu)之間表程度、方式

D. 在所修飾的形容詞，副詞，介詞短語之前。

2). 副詞詞形技巧：主要考慮副詞原形、比較級、最高級形式。

三．必備詞匯用法

1．接動詞原形的詞，常見的有：can，could，may，might，must，will，would，

should，be going to，make，let，have，would rather，had better，why not

2.可接動詞也可不定式又可接動詞ing的有：feel，find，look at，see，watch，notice，hear + do/ doing remember，forget，mean，stop, go on + to/ doing

3．一般只接ving作賓語的動詞及短語：admit， avoid，be／get used to，be fond of, be proud of/ take pride in， consider, can’t help, bear, stand, dream of／about, depend on, enjoy, escape, finish, feel like, give up, have difficulty/ a problem/

trouble/ a hard time, have fun/ a good time, hear of／about, imagine, keep on, look forward to, mind, miss, practice, put off, suggest, stand, set about, think of

／about…

4. 可接形容詞作表語 be，get，look，turn，go，become，smell，sound，taste，remain，stay，keep.

各種詞性前的解題思路

一．名詞前

1）_____名詞+謂語+賓語/主語+謂語+_____名詞

A）冠詞

B）形容詞性物主代詞

C）數(shù)詞

D）形容詞

E）名詞

2）主語+謂語+賓語+__介詞____+名詞

常考的介詞：with、without

二．動詞前

1) 主語+______動詞原形+賓語

A）情態(tài)動詞

B）助動詞

2）主語+______doing

A)Be 動詞

B)需接doing 的動詞（附上）

3）主語+謂語+介詞+doing （需要平時積累短語和搭配）

主語+ Be +形容詞+介詞+doing 主語+動詞+介詞+doing

三、_______，句子 副詞： However，luckily，first,also....

四、句子，________

Too ,either 五、_______一段時間

In ,for after,since (根據(jù)謂語的時態(tài)）

六、一段時間_______

時間狀語從句

引導(dǎo)。

原因狀語從句

條件狀語從句

目的狀語從句

結(jié)果狀語從句

讓步狀語從句

比較狀語從句

地點狀語從句 when, as, while, before, after, since, till, not……until, as soon as等連詞來 because, since, as, for, now that, etc. if, unless（除非）, in order that, so that, so…that, so that, such…that, though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as…as, so…as, than, where, wherever

八．主語+謂語+引導(dǎo)詞+賓語從句

特殊疑問詞

對應(yīng)練習(xí)

Tom was a poor boy．He made a living by cleaning leather(皮革for others in the street．boy．One day，Tom．

shoes for a while，and then，looked at Tom．Tom knew this kind of

people well．They love money but hate to spend it．

Tom said，“Leyour shoes，sir．Only two pence(便土)，sir．

Mr．Miser shook his head and walked away．

Tom thought for a second and then called out，??I?d like to clean it for nothing．”This time

Mr．Miser agreed．And soon one of his shoes was shining brightly．

When the rich man put his other shoe on the stool(凳子)，Tom said he wouldn?t clean it for

．Mr．．He refused to pay

anything and went away．

，the well-cleaned shoe was so bright that it made the other one look

even dirtier．Mr．Miser looked round．．

and gave Tom two pence

．In a very short time his two

shoes shone brightly．

very much and his favourite star is Jay Chou.

He usually practices Jay?of Jay in a park.

He chose one of Jay?s most songs, he sang and acted with his heart. He “once again, once

again” of

Jay who watched Jerry act told him what they really

he had acted so badly! Jerry was

and couldn?t say a word.

Xiaohong is a primary school student. On (1) she has to do all kinds of

. In the afternoon, her

parents want her to practice On Sunday morning, she has a(n) (4) lesson. On Sunday afternoon, she has to learn this girl really have so . They hope that

some special skills so that they can have a better life

Children are children. They must have some free time to enjoy their childhood. As an English

proverb(諺語) goes, “All work and no

makes Jack a dull boy.”

It was December 25th, my friends

and I had a party in my house to celebrate

. Everyone(2)

themselves at the party. But(3)

something unhappy happened. I happened

my diary in my bedroom. At that time I

was so

at him. David stood up and (7) my house at once, saying a

word. After he left, I thought it was not (9) to read other’s diary, yet it was not

. It’s better for me to tell him not to do that politely.

It was Sunday. The weather was very fine. The students of Class One went out for a

with fruits, vegetables, meat , cookers and some other

things.

At about half past ten, they at the foot of a hill. There was a bigand many green trees there. Birds were singing and the air was very fresh. The students were busy for the picnic. Some of them were getting the lake, some were washing vegetables and fruits, and others were putting a big cloth on the grass. At about twelve o?clock the lunch was ready.

After lunch, they had a time singing, dancing, drinking and talking. At three

o?clock, they began to hill. The hill was quite but they all tried to of it. On the top of the hill, they felt very excited and all cheered.

Mr. Smith is a sixty-year-old man. He loves sports. He often goes to different places to kill

his spare time and enjoys the beautiful countryside scenery.

On a Saturday afternoon, Mr. Smith went in the country. He

carried a rucksack （背包）on his back, with a stick in his hand. In the evening, he decided to stop . He didn? up a tent near a village. The he made a

not far from the tent and placed a pot the fire to cook something to eat. After supper, he spent the night in the tent. Because he kept walking a whole day, he was very tired and fell asleep soon.

wind began to blow. At that

time, Mr. Smith was still The next morning, when he up, he found , a goose, a sheep and a cock running around him!

It was a reading room. A boy and a girl were sitting (1)_______ a desk. The girl was reading

(2)________when the boy suddenly(3)________ , because he was reading a book of jokes. The girl (4)________him by (5)________ him to look at the (6)________ with the words “Be quiet”. The boy

(7) ________sorry and stopped laughing at once. Then he thought of an (8)_______ . He took the book outside and (9)_______ reading it. He laughed as (10)________ as he could.

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